INSERM U1065, Mediterranean Center of Molecular Medicine, University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, Faculty of Medicine, Nice, France.
INSERM U1065, Mediterranean Center of Molecular Medicine, University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, Faculty of Medicine, Nice, France.
Atherosclerosis. 2018 Apr;271:102-110. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.01.018. Epub 2018 Feb 20.
The increasing incidence of obesity and its socio-economical impact is a global health issue due to its associated co-morbidities, namely diabetes and cardiovascular disease [1-5]. Obesity is characterized by an increase in adipose tissue, which promotes the recruitment of immune cells resulting in low-grade inflammation and dysfunctional metabolism. Macrophages are the most abundant immune cells in the adipose tissue of mice and humans. The adipose tissue also contains other myeloid cells (dendritic cells (DC) and neutrophils) and to a lesser extent lymphocyte populations, including T cells, B cells, Natural Killer (NK) and Natural Killer T (NKT) cells. While the majority of studies have linked adipose tissue macrophages (ATM) to the development of low-grade inflammation and co-morbidities associated with obesity, emerging evidence suggests for a role of other immune cells within the adipose tissue that may act in part by supporting macrophage homeostasis. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of the functions ATMs, DCs and B cells possess during steady-state and obesity.
肥胖症发病率的不断上升及其对社会经济的影响是一个全球性的健康问题，因为它与糖尿病和心血管疾病等相关并发症有关[1-5]。肥胖症的特征是脂肪组织的增加，这会促使免疫细胞募集，导致低度炎症和代谢功能障碍。巨噬细胞是小鼠和人类脂肪组织中最丰富的免疫细胞。脂肪组织还含有其他髓样细胞（树突状细胞（DC）和中性粒细胞），以及数量较少的淋巴细胞群体，包括 T 细胞、B 细胞、自然杀伤（NK）细胞和自然杀伤 T（NKT）细胞。虽然大多数研究将脂肪组织中的巨噬细胞（ATM）与低度炎症的发展和肥胖相关的并发症联系起来，但新出现的证据表明，脂肪组织中的其他免疫细胞也发挥作用，它们可能部分通过支持巨噬细胞的稳态来发挥作用。在这篇综述中，我们总结了在稳态和肥胖状态下 ATMs、DCs 和 B 细胞的功能的现有知识。
