Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Center Munich, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany.
Rev Endocr Metab Disord. 2018 Dec;19(4):283-292. doi: 10.1007/s11154-018-9451-6.
Immune cells are present in the adipose tissue (AT) and regulate its function. Under lean conditions, immune cells predominantly of type 2 immunity, including eosinophils, M2-like anti-inflammatory macrophages and innate lymphoid cells 2, contribute to the maintenance of metabolic homeostasis within the AT. In the course of obesity, pro-inflammatory immune cells, such as M1-like macrophages, prevail in the AT. Inflammation in the obese AT is associated with the development of metabolic complications such as insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Thus, the immune cell-adipocyte crosstalk in the AT is an important regulator of AT function and systemic metabolism. We discuss herein this crosstalk with a special focus on the role of innate immune cells in AT inflammation and metabolic homeostasis in obesity.
免疫细胞存在于脂肪组织（AT）中，并调节其功能。在瘦素条件下，免疫细胞主要为 2 型免疫，包括嗜酸性粒细胞、M2 样抗炎巨噬细胞和固有淋巴细胞 2，有助于维持 AT 内的代谢稳态。在肥胖过程中，促炎免疫细胞，如 M1 样巨噬细胞，在 AT 中占优势。肥胖 AT 中的炎症与代谢并发症的发展有关，如胰岛素抵抗、2 型糖尿病和心血管疾病。因此，AT 中的免疫细胞-脂肪细胞串扰是 AT 功能和全身代谢的重要调节剂。我们在此讨论这种串扰，特别关注固有免疫细胞在 AT 炎症和肥胖代谢稳态中的作用。
