Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57,4051 Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4001 Basel, Switzerland.
Centre for Chronobiology, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Basel, Wilhelm Klein-Strasse 27, 4012 Basel, Switzerland.
Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2018 Apr;221(3):556-563. doi: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2018.02.005. Epub 2018 Feb 17.
Most epidemiological noise studies consider 24 h average noise exposure levels. Our aim was to exploratively analyze the impact of noise exposure at different time windows during day and night on cardiovascular mortality.
We generated Switzerland-wide exposure models for road traffic, railway and aircraft noise for different time windows for the year 2001. Combined noise source equivalent continuous sound levels (L) for different time windows at the most exposed façade were assigned to each of the 4.41 million Swiss National Cohort adult participants. Follow-up period was from 2000 to 2008. Hazard ratios (HR) of noise effects on various cardiovascular primary causes of death were computed by Cox regression models adjusted for potential confounders and NO levels.
For most cardiovascular causes of death we obtained indications for a diurnal pattern. For ischemic heart disease the highest HR was observed for the core night hours from 01 h to 05 h (HR per standard deviation of L: 1.025, 95% CI: 1.016-1.034) and lower HR for the daytime 07 h to 19 h (1.018 [1.009-1.028]). Heart failure and daytime L yielded the highest HR (1.047 [1.027-1.068]).
For acute cardiovascular diseases, nocturnal intermittent noise exposure tended to be more relevant than daytime exposure, whereas it was the opposite for chronic conditions such as heart failure most strongly associated with continuous daytime noise. This suggests that for acute diseases sleep is an important mediator for health consequences of transportation noise.
大多数流行病学噪声研究都考虑 24 小时平均噪声暴露水平。我们的目的是探索性分析白天和夜间不同时间窗口的噪声暴露对心血管死亡率的影响。
我们为 2001 年不同时间窗口的道路交通、铁路和航空噪声生成了瑞士范围内的暴露模型。不同时间窗口的噪声源等效连续声级 (L) 被分配给瑞士全国队列的 441 万成年参与者中最暴露的外墙面的每一个。随访期为 2000 年至 2008 年。通过 Cox 回归模型，调整潜在混杂因素和 NO 水平，计算噪声对各种心血管主要死亡原因的危害比 (HR)。
对于大多数心血管疾病死亡原因，我们发现存在昼夜模式。对于缺血性心脏病，核心夜间时段（01 时至 05 时）的 HR 最高（每标准偏差 L 的 HR：1.025，95%CI：1.016-1.034），而白天时段（07 时至 19 时）的 HR 较低（1.018 [1.009-1.028]）。心力衰竭和白天 L 产生的 HR 最高（1.047 [1.027-1.068]）。
对于急性心血管疾病，夜间间歇性噪声暴露比白天暴露更相关，而对于心力衰竭等慢性疾病，与连续白天噪声最相关的则是相反的情况。这表明，对于急性疾病，睡眠是交通噪声对健康影响的一个重要中介因素。
