Peters Junenette L, Grady Stephanie T, Laden Francine, Nelson Elizabeth, Bozigar Matthew, Hart Jaime E, Manson JoAnn E, Huang Tianyi, Redline Susan, Kaufman Joel D, Forman John P, Rexrode Kathryn M, Levy Jonathan I
Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2025 Jan;263:114457. doi: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2024.114457. Epub 2024 Sep 12.
There is growing interest in cardiometabolic outcomes associated with nighttime noise, given that noise can disturb sleep and sleep disturbance can increase cardiometabolic risk such as hypertension. However, there is little empirical research evaluating the association between nighttime aircraft noise and hypertension risk. In this study, we expand on previous work to evaluate associations between nighttime aircraft noise exposure and self-reported hypertension incidence in the Nurses' Health Studies (NHS/NHSII), two US-wide cohorts of female nurses. Annual nighttime average aircraft sound levels (L) surrounding 90 airports for 1995-2015 (in 5-year intervals) were modeled using the Aviation Environmental Design Tool and assigned to participants' geocoded addresses over time. Hypertension risk was estimated for each cohort using time-varying Cox proportional-hazards models for L dichotomized at 45 dB (dB), adjusting for individual-level hypertension risk factors, area-level socioeconomic status, region, and air pollution. Random effects meta-analysis was used to combine cohort results. Among 63,229 NHS and 98,880 NHSII participants free of hypertension at study baseline (1994/1995), we observed 33,190 and 28,255 new hypertension cases by 2014/2013, respectively. Although ∼1% of participants were exposed to L ≥45 dB, we observed an adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of 1.10 (95% CI: 0.96, 1.27) in NHS and adjusted HR of 1.12 (95% CI: 0.98, 1.28) in NHSII, comparing exposure to L ≥45 versus <45 dB(A). In meta-analysis, we observed an adjusted HR of 1.11 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.23). These results were attenuated with adjustment for additional variables such as body mass index. Our findings support a modest positive association between nighttime aircraft noise and hypertension risk across NHS/NHSII, which may reinforce the concept that sleep disturbance contributes to noise-related disease burden.
鉴于噪音会干扰睡眠，而睡眠干扰会增加诸如高血压等心脏代谢风险，因此人们对与夜间噪音相关的心脏代谢结果越来越感兴趣。然而，几乎没有实证研究评估夜间飞机噪音与高血压风险之间的关联。在本研究中，我们在先前工作的基础上进行扩展，以评估美国两个全国性女性护士队列——护士健康研究（NHS/NHSII）中夜间飞机噪音暴露与自我报告的高血压发病率之间的关联。使用航空环境设计工具对1995 - 2015年（以5年为间隔）90个机场周围的年度夜间平均飞机声级（L）进行建模，并随时间分配给参与者的地理编码地址。使用时变Cox比例风险模型对L在45分贝（dB）处进行二分，对每个队列的高血压风险进行估计，同时调整个体层面的高血压风险因素、地区层面的社会经济地位、地区和空气污染。采用随机效应荟萃分析来合并队列结果。在研究基线（1994/1995年）时无高血压的63229名NHS参与者和98880名NHSII参与者中，到2014/2013年时，我们分别观察到33190例和28255例新的高血压病例。虽然约1%的参与者暴露于L≥45 dB，但在NHS中，与暴露于L≥45 dB相比，暴露于L＜45 dB（A）时，我们观察到调整后的风险比（HR）为1.10（95% CI：0.96，1.27）；在NHSII中，调整后的HR为1.12（95% CI：0.98，1.28）。在荟萃分析中，我们观察到调整后的HR为1.11（95% CI：1.01，1.23）。对诸如体重指数等其他变量进行调整后，这些结果有所减弱。我们的研究结果支持NHS/NHSII中夜间飞机噪音与高血压风险之间存在适度的正相关，这可能强化了睡眠干扰会导致与噪音相关的疾病负担这一概念。
