School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano, 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy.
School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano, 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy.
J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2018 Sep;49:276-284. doi: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2018.02.017. Epub 2018 Feb 19.
The growing of microbial resistance leads to a great interest about some natural alternatives to synthetic compounds. This study was carried out in two olive orchards (Olea europaea L., cv. Coratina) South Italy (Basilicata region), one located in a polluted area near a fertilizers factory releasing Zn and the other in a control unpolluted site, both managed with similar cultivation techniques. Olive oil samples were studied from both areas during 2014 and 2015. The soil microbiological status of the polluted and unpolluted orchards has been characterized and the antimicrobial effects of olive oils extracted from polluted plants (PP) and control plants (CP) against some phytopathogens have been explored. Results showed that the antibacterial activity of PP oil was significantly higher than CP and this could be due to the high content of some phenolic compounds elicited by air and soil Zn pollution (especially in the layer 0-20 cm). There is no detectable antifungal activity of the studied oils. The metabolic activity (both total and for each carbon substrate group), diversity and evenness of PP soil bacterial communities were significantly different from CP soil, while the effects of soil depth was negligible. The same parameters measured on soil fungal communities are lower in PP soil at 0-20 cm soil depth. The current research clarified the impact of atmospheric Zn pollution on the antimicrobial activity of olive oil and the soil microbial metabolic profiles. The bioactive substances extracted from olive oils growing in Zn-polluted area might be used as antibiotics.
微生物耐药性的增加使得人们对一些天然替代品产生了浓厚的兴趣，这些替代品可以替代合成化合物。本研究在意大利南部（巴西利卡塔地区）的两个橄榄园（油橄榄，科拉蒂纳品种）进行，一个位于化肥厂附近的污染区，该化肥厂释放锌，另一个位于未受污染的对照区，两个橄榄园都采用类似的栽培技术进行管理。在 2014 年和 2015 年期间，研究了来自这两个地区的橄榄油样本。对污染和未污染橄榄园的土壤微生物状况进行了特征描述，并探索了从污染植物（PP）和对照植物（CP）中提取的橄榄油对一些植物病原菌的抗菌作用。结果表明，PP 油的抗菌活性明显高于 CP，这可能是由于空气中和土壤中的锌污染（特别是在 0-20cm 层）引起的一些酚类化合物含量较高所致。研究中所用油没有检测到抗真菌活性。PP 土壤细菌群落的代谢活性（总活性和每个碳基质组的活性）、多样性和均匀度与 CP 土壤有显著差异，而土壤深度的影响可以忽略不计。在 0-20cm 土壤深度，PP 土壤中测量的相同参数在真菌群落中较低。目前的研究阐明了大气锌污染对橄榄油抗菌活性和土壤微生物代谢特征的影响。从锌污染地区生长的橄榄油中提取的生物活性物质可能被用作抗生素。
