School of Biochemistry, Biomedical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK.
School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Biomedical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK.
Dev Cell. 2018 Feb 26;44(4):460-470.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.devcel.2018.01.026.
Adipocytes have many functions in various tissues beyond energy storage, including regulating metabolism, growth, and immunity. However, little is known about their role in wound healing. Here we use live imaging of fat body cells, the equivalent of vertebrate adipocytes in Drosophila, to investigate their potential behaviors and functions following skin wounding. We find that pupal fat body cells are not immotile, as previously presumed, but actively migrate to wounds using an unusual adhesion-independent, actomyosin-driven, peristaltic mode of motility. Once at the wound, fat body cells collaborate with hemocytes, Drosophila macrophages, to clear the wound of cell debris; they also tightly seal the epithelial wound gap and locally release antimicrobial peptides to fight wound infection. Thus, fat body cells are motile cells, enabling them to migrate to wounds to undertake several local functions needed to drive wound repair and prevent infections.
脂肪细胞在能量存储以外的各种组织中具有许多功能，包括调节代谢、生长和免疫。然而，它们在伤口愈合中的作用知之甚少。在这里，我们使用活体成像技术研究了果蝇脂肪体细胞（相当于脊椎动物的脂肪细胞）在皮肤受伤后的潜在行为和功能。我们发现，蛹期脂肪体细胞并不是像以前认为的那样没有运动能力，而是通过一种不依赖于黏附的、肌动球蛋白驱动的、蠕动样的运动模式积极迁移到伤口。一旦到达伤口，脂肪体细胞与果蝇巨噬细胞——血细胞合作，清除伤口中的细胞碎片；它们还紧密密封上皮伤口间隙，并局部释放抗菌肽以抵抗伤口感染。因此，脂肪体细胞是运动细胞，使它们能够迁移到伤口，从而执行几个局部功能，以促进伤口修复并防止感染。
