Wang Qiuju, Wu Xugan, Long Xiaowen, Zhu Wangling, Ma Tianli, Cheng Yongxu
1College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 China.
2Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306 China.
J Food Sci Technol. 2018 Mar;55(3):944-955. doi: 10.1007/s13197-017-3002-0. Epub 2018 Jan 25.
This study mainly investigated the composition of adult male Chinese mitten crab () from four grades/sizes (Grade I: 200-249 g; Grade II: 175-199 g; Grade III: 150-174 g; Grade IV: ≤ 150 g). The results showed that the grade III crabs had the largest gonadsomatic index (GSI), which was significantly higher than the grade I and grade II crabs, no significant difference was found with the grade IV crab. Significant differences in moisture and total lipid contents were observed among various edible parts from different grades of male . In particular, grade II crabs had the highest total lipid and dry matter content for hepatopancreas. A balanced amino acids composition and a high essential amino acids score (EAAS) were found in the muscle and gonads of grade III crabs. The levels of poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), n-3 PUFA, n-6 PUFA and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in the hepatopancreas, as well as the contents of PUFA, highly-unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA), n-3 PUFA, arachidonic acid (ARA), and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in the gonads were significantly increased in the grade II crabs. Taken together, it can generally be concluded that adult male of 150-200 g (Grade II-III) weight have the highest nutritional quality even though they are not the largest crabs.
本研究主要调查了四个等级/规格（一级：200 - 249克；二级：175 - 199克；三级：150 - 174克；四级：≤150克）的成年雄性中华绒螯蟹的组成。结果表明，三级蟹的性腺指数（GSI）最大，显著高于一级和二级蟹，与四级蟹无显著差异。不同等级雄性中华绒螯蟹各可食部位的水分和总脂质含量存在显著差异。特别是，二级蟹肝胰腺的总脂质和干物质含量最高。三级蟹的肌肉和性腺中氨基酸组成平衡，必需氨基酸评分（EAAS）较高。二级蟹肝胰腺中多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）、n - 3多不饱和脂肪酸、n - 6多不饱和脂肪酸和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）的含量，以及性腺中PUFA、高度不饱和脂肪酸（HUFA）、n - 3多不饱和脂肪酸、花生四烯酸（ARA）和二十碳五烯酸（EPA）的含量均显著增加。综上所述，一般可以得出结论，体重150 - 200克（二级 - 三级）的成年雄性中华绒螯蟹尽管不是最大的蟹，但营养品质最高。
