College of Fisheries, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Aquaculture Education, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Hokkaido, Japan.
J Anim Sci. 2024 Jan 3;102. doi: 10.1093/jas/skae281.
Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) is an economically important farmed fish. This experiment was conducted to study the effects of different culture salinities on the growth and muscle quality of grass carp. We found that salinity of 0 to 5 had no significant effect on the growth of grass carp, but it significantly decreased at salinities above 5. Compared to salinity 0, the protein content of serum was significantly higher at salinities of 3 and 5. However, all serum biochemical compound measured, except glucose and total protein, decreased significantly at salinity 9. Muscle textural properties of grass carp were significantly higher at salinities of 3 and 5 than at 0, 7, and 9. Salinities of 0 to 3 had no significant effect on muscle nutrition of grass carp, but this parameter tended to decrease at salinities above 7. Salinities of 3 and 5 significantly favored muscle growth and expression of collagen-related genes, whereas the opposite was true for salinities of 7 and 9. These results indicated that grass carp grew normally at salinities of 3 and 5, with some improvement in muscle quality, whereas salinities of 7 and 9 had a negative effect on growth and quality. Therefore, appropriate salinity levels can help to improve the muscle quality of grass carp without affecting their growth.
草鱼（Ctenopharyngodon idellus）是一种重要的养殖鱼类。本实验旨在研究不同养殖盐度对草鱼生长和肌肉品质的影响。结果表明，0 到 5 盐度对草鱼的生长没有显著影响，但在 5 以上盐度时，草鱼的生长显著下降。与 0 盐度相比，3 和 5 盐度时血清蛋白含量显著升高。然而，在 9 盐度时，除葡萄糖和总蛋白外，所有测定的血清生化指标均显著降低。与 0、7 和 9 盐度相比，3 和 5 盐度时草鱼肌肉质构特性显著升高。0 到 3 盐度对草鱼肌肉营养没有显著影响，但在 7 以上盐度时，该参数有下降趋势。3 和 5 盐度有利于肌肉生长和胶原相关基因的表达，而 7 和 9 盐度则相反。这些结果表明，草鱼在 3 和 5 盐度下生长正常，肌肉品质有所改善，而 7 和 9 盐度对生长和品质有负面影响。因此，适当的盐度水平可以在不影响生长的情况下提高草鱼的肌肉品质。
