Pok Paula Sol, Stefanini Manuel Ignacio, Calvo Natalia Soledad
Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos y Procesos Químicos (ITAPROQ), UBA-CONICET, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires (IEGEBA), UBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Heliyon. 2023 Jun 16;9(6):e17381. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17381. eCollection 2023 Jun.
is a South American crab commonly found in fishponds. As crabs are a source of astaxanthin (AST) and food inputs, this preliminary research aimed at studying the composition of females and males of this species to assess its potential for commercial applications, and at optimising the extraction of AST with edible oils to promote its use as an ingredient for the nutraceutical, pharmaceutical and feed industries. The chemical composition differed between males and females only in moisture, and the values obtained were: 65.4 ± 1.0% and 72.5 ± 3.1% moisture, 45.7-40.3% d.m. minerals, 22.0-24.1% d.m. fibres, 18.2-17.4% d.m. proteins, and 10.4-11.1% d.m. lipids. The Box-Behnken design was applied and validated for extraction with soya bean and sunflower oils, adjusting the oil:crab ratio, temperature, and extraction time. The optimal conditions found consisted of 140 mL/g, 90 °C and 170 min for soya bean oil, reaching an accumulation of AST of 50 ± 5 μg/g crab d.m. For sunflower oil, the conditions were 60 mL/g, 90 °C and 161 min, reaching 31 ± 3 μg/g crab d.m. Finally, the amounts of AST obtained using soya bean oil were higher than those obtained using sunflower oil; thus, soya bean oil would be recommended as a solvent to extract the pigment.
是一种常见于鱼塘的南美螃蟹。由于螃蟹是虾青素（AST）的来源和食物来源，这项初步研究旨在研究该物种雌雄个体的组成，以评估其商业应用潜力，并优化用食用油提取AST的方法，以促进其作为营养保健品、制药和饲料行业的成分使用。雌雄个体的化学成分仅在水分方面有所不同，所获得的值为：水分含量分别为65.4±1.0%和72.5±3.1%，干物质矿物质含量为45.7 - 40.3%，干物质纤维含量为22.0 - 24.1%，干物质蛋白质含量为18.2 - 17.4%，干物质脂质含量为10.4 - 11.1%。采用Box - Behnken设计并验证了用大豆油和葵花籽油进行提取，调整油与螃蟹的比例、温度和提取时间。发现的最佳条件为：大豆油提取时，比例为140 mL/g、温度为90°C、提取时间为170分钟，螃蟹干物质中AST的积累量达到50±5μg/g。对于葵花籽油，条件为60 mL/g、90°C和161分钟，达到31±3μg/g螃蟹干物质。最后，使用大豆油获得的AST量高于使用葵花籽油获得的量；因此，推荐使用大豆油作为提取色素的溶剂。
