Department of Psychiatry, Sierrallana Hospital, IDIVAL, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Torrelavega, Spain.
Department of Immunology, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, IDIVAL, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain.
J Neuroinflammation. 2018 Feb 28;15(1):63. doi: 10.1186/s12974-018-1096-6.
Low-grade inflammation has been repeatedly associated with both excess weight and psychosis. However, no previous studies have addressed the direct effect of body mass index (BMI) on basal serum cytokines in individuals with first-episode psychosis (FEP).
The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of BMI on basal serum cytokine levels in FEP patients and control subjects, separating the total sample into two groups: normal-weight and overweight individuals.
This is a prospective and open-label study. We selected 75 FEP patients and 75 healthy controls with similar characteristics to patients according to the following variables: sex, age, and cannabis and tobacco consumption. Both controls and patients were separated into two groups according to their BMI: subjects with a BMI under 25 were considered as normal weight and those with a BMI equal to or more than 25 were considered as overweight. Serum levels of 21 cytokines/chemokines were measured at baseline using the Human High Sensitivity T Cell Magnetic Bead Panel protocol from the Milliplex® Map Kit. We compared the basal serum levels of the 21 cytokines between control and patient groups according to their BMI.
In the normal-weight group, IL-8 was the only cytokine that was higher in patients than in the control group (p = 0.001), whereas in the overweight group, serum levels of two pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, p = 0.000; IL-1β, p = 0.003), two chemokines (IL-8, p = 0.001; MIP-1β, p = 0.001), four Th-1 and Th-2 cytokines (IL-13, p = 0.009; IL-2, p = 0.001; IL-7, p = 0.001; IL-12p70, p = 0.010), and one Type-3 cytokine (IL-23, p = 0.010) were higher in patients than in controls.
Most differences in the basal serum cytokine levels between patients and healthy volunteers were found in the overweight group. These findings suggest that excess weight can alter the homeostasis of the immune system and therefore may have an additive pro-inflammatory effect on the one produced by psychosis in the central nervous system.
低度炎症与超重和精神病都有反复的关联。然而，以前的研究都没有直接研究体重指数（BMI）对首发精神病（FEP）患者的基础血清细胞因子的影响。
本研究旨在分析 BMI 对 FEP 患者和对照组基础血清细胞因子水平的影响，将总样本分为两组：正常体重组和超重组。
这是一项前瞻性、开放标签的研究。我们选择了 75 名 FEP 患者和 75 名与患者特征相似的健康对照者，根据以下变量将其分为两组：性别、年龄、大麻和烟草的使用。根据 BMI 将对照组和患者分为两组：BMI 低于 25 的为正常体重，BMI 等于或大于 25 的为超重。使用 Milliplex® Map Kit 的 Human High Sensitivity T Cell Magnetic Bead Panel 方案在基线时测量 21 种细胞因子/趋化因子的血清水平。我们根据 BMI 比较了对照组和患者组的基础血清细胞因子水平。
在正常体重组中，只有 IL-8 一种细胞因子在患者中的水平高于对照组（p=0.001），而在超重组中，两种促炎细胞因子（IL-6，p=0.000；IL-1β，p=0.003）、两种趋化因子（IL-8，p=0.001；MIP-1β，p=0.001）、四种 Th1 和 Th2 细胞因子（IL-13，p=0.009；IL-2，p=0.001；IL-7，p=0.001；IL-12p70，p=0.010）和一种 Type-3 细胞因子（IL-23，p=0.010）在患者中的水平高于对照组。
患者与健康志愿者之间的基础血清细胞因子水平差异大多在超重组中发现。这些发现表明，超重会改变免疫系统的内稳态，因此可能对中枢神经系统中精神病产生的炎症产生附加的促炎作用。
