Ren Shuangshuang, Yao Yingfang, Zhang He, Fan Ruirui, Yu Yijun, Yang Jie, Zhang Rui, Liu Chao, Sun Weibin, Miao Leiying
J Biomed Nanotechnol. 2017 Dec 1;13(12):1725-1734. doi: 10.1166/jbn.2017.2451.
The periodontal ligament (PDL) is a specific connective tissue composed of organized and aligned collagenous fibers that fix the tooth root in the alveolar bone. The alignment of PDL fibers and their function have been neglected in the past, as many studies investigated the regeneration of the periodontium, including alveolar bone and cementum regeneration. In this study, we fabricated biodegradable aligned fibers (ε-caprolactone/collagen) by near-field electrospinning (NFE) to control the arrangement of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs), aiming to guide the oriented regeneration of the periodontal ligament. Compared with random electrospun fibers, the in vitro study investigated the effects of nanotopography on stem cell differentiation of hPDLSCs. The hPDLSCs were identified by flow cytometry, and the multipotency of hPDLSCs was confirmed by successful osteogenic induction. The hPDLSCs were co-cultured with aligned and random fibers. The cell morphology was observed by confocal micrograph and scanning electron micrograph, which showed that aligned fibers could guide the orientation and elongation of hPDLSCs. The expression of periodontal ligament-related genes was higher when cultured with aligned fibers than when cultured with random fibers. In conclusion, via near-field electrospinning, aligned biodegradable fibers were prepared and guided the orientation arrangement of hPDLSCs, providing a better microenvironment for periodontal ligament regeneration. This technology might be further used in the regeneration of tissues in a given direction.
牙周韧带（PDL）是一种特殊的结缔组织，由有组织且排列整齐的胶原纤维组成，这些纤维将牙根固定在牙槽骨中。过去，由于许多研究关注牙周组织的再生，包括牙槽骨和牙骨质的再生，牙周韧带纤维的排列及其功能一直被忽视。在本研究中，我们通过近场静电纺丝（NFE）制备了可生物降解的排列纤维（ε-己内酯/胶原蛋白），以控制人牙周膜干细胞（hPDLSCs）的排列，旨在引导牙周韧带的定向再生。与随机静电纺丝纤维相比，体外研究考察了纳米拓扑结构对hPDLSCs干细胞分化的影响。通过流式细胞术鉴定hPDLSCs，并通过成功的成骨诱导证实hPDLSCs的多能性。将hPDLSCs与排列纤维和随机纤维共培养。通过共聚焦显微镜和扫描电子显微镜观察细胞形态，结果表明排列纤维可引导hPDLSCs的取向和伸长。与随机纤维共培养相比，与排列纤维共培养时牙周韧带相关基因的表达更高。总之，通过近场静电纺丝制备了排列的可生物降解纤维，引导了hPDLSCs的取向排列，为牙周韧带再生提供了更好的微环境。该技术可能会进一步用于特定方向的组织再生。
