Ducker P C, Moonen X M
J Ment Defic Res. 1986 Dec;30 ( Pt 4):355-64. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2788.1986.tb01331.x.
In this study, two procedural aspects were investigated with regard to their effect on spontaneous use of manual signs with three Down's syndrome children. First, two modes of presenting reinforcement for spontaneous sign requesting were compared. Second, the effect of a least-to-most prompting procedure was evaluated. Within a randomization design, a statistically significant difference was observed between the two modes in favour of the one in which only a part of the sign-requested reinforcement was initially presented. Within a mixed design of reversal and multiple baseline, introduction of the least-to-most prompting procedure resulted in an increase of the spontaneous use of the target signs, while withdrawal of the procedure resulted in a decrease.
在本研究中，针对三个唐氏综合征儿童，研究了两个程序方面对自发使用手势的影响。首先，比较了两种对自发手势请求给予强化的方式。其次，评估了从最少到最多提示程序的效果。在随机化设计中，观察到两种方式之间存在统计学上的显著差异，有利于最初仅呈现部分手势请求强化物的那种方式。在反转和多基线的混合设计中，引入从最少到最多提示程序导致目标手势的自发使用增加，而撤销该程序则导致减少。
