Vainikka Anssi, Tammela Ilkka, Hyvärinen Pekka
Department of Biology, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 111, FI 80101 Joensuu, Finland.
Natural Resource Institute Finland, Manamansalontie 90, 88300 Paltamo, Finland.
Curr Zool. 2016 Apr;62(2):109-115. doi: 10.1093/cz/zow003. Epub 2016 Mar 5.
Consistent individual differences (CIDs) in behavior are of interest to both basic and applied research, because any selection acting on them could induce evolution of animal behavior. It has been suggested that CIDs in the behavior of fish might explain individual differences in vulnerability to fishing. If so, fishing could impose selection on fish behavior. In this study, we assessed boldness-indicating behaviors of Eurasian perch using individually conducted experiments measuring the time taken to explore a novel arena containing predator (burbot, ) cues. We studied if individual differences in boldness would explain vulnerability of individually tagged perch to experimental angling in outdoor ponds, or if fishing would impose selection on boldness-indicating behavior. Perch expressed repeatable individual differences in boldness-indicating behavior but the individual boldness-score (the first principal component) obtained using principal component analysis combining all the measured behavioral responses did not explain vulnerability to experimental angling. Instead, large body size appeared as the only statistically significant predictor of capture probability. Our results suggest that angling is selective for large size, but not always selective for high boldness.
行为中的一致性个体差异（CIDs）在基础研究和应用研究中都备受关注，因为任何作用于它们的选择都可能引发动物行为的进化。有人提出，鱼类行为中的CIDs可能解释个体在捕鱼易感性上的差异。如果是这样，捕鱼可能会对鱼类行为施加选择。在本研究中，我们通过单独进行的实验评估了欧亚鲈的大胆行为，该实验测量了探索一个含有捕食者（江鳕）线索的新区域所需的时间。我们研究了大胆程度上的个体差异是否能解释个体标记鲈鱼在室外池塘中对实验性垂钓的易感性，或者捕鱼是否会对大胆行为施加选择。鲈鱼在大胆行为上表现出可重复的个体差异，但使用主成分分析结合所有测量的行为反应获得的个体大胆得分（第一主成分）并不能解释对实验性垂钓的易感性。相反，大体型似乎是捕获概率的唯一具有统计学意义的预测因子。我们的结果表明，垂钓对大体型具有选择性，但并不总是对大胆程度高的个体具有选择性。
