Gao Q Q, Zhang H D, Bai Y, Han L, Shen H, Zhang J, Zhu B L
Jiangsun Certer for Disease Control and Preventiol, Nanjing 210028, China.
Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi. 2017 Dec 20;35(12):925-928. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2017.12.011.
To investigate the incidence of occupational diseases in a province of China during the period of "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" , and to analyze the features of disease spectrum, the characteristics of regional and industrial distribution, and incidence trend. Data (2011-2015) were collected from the Information System of Occupational Diseases and Occupational Health to analyze the reported cases of occupational diseases during the period of "Twelfth Five-Year Plan". A statistical analysis was performed to identify the characteristics of the disease distribution in terms of sex, age, working years, enterprise type, enterprise scale, and region, as well as the incidence trend. The overall incidence of occupational diseases in this province fluctuated and decreased gradually. There were a total of 5036 new cases of occupational diseases during the period of "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" ; 89.45% of them were male, and 69.78% of them were aged 40-69 years; the most frequently seen occupational diseases were pneumoconiosis (72.48%) and ear, nose, throat, and oral diseases (7.23%). Most cases of pneumoconiosis occurred after 5-10 years of exposure, and other occupational diseases usually developed within 10 years of exposure. New cases of occupational diseases were often seen in small and micro enterprises, as well as Wuxi, Suzhou, and Yancheng. During the period of "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" , the incidence of occupational diseases in this province decreased gradually, indicating improved control of occupational diseases, but we still need to pay attention to the high-risk population (male, aged over 40 years) , as well as the prevention of occupational noise-induced hearing loss, and to strengthen the supervision of small and micro enterprises.
为调查中国某省“十二五”期间职业病发病情况，分析疾病谱特征、地区和行业分布特点以及发病趋势。收集该省2011 - 2015年职业病与职业健康信息系统数据，分析“十二五”期间职业病报告病例情况。进行统计分析，以确定职业病在性别、年龄、工龄、企业类型、企业规模和地区方面的分布特征以及发病趋势。该省职业病总体发病率呈波动并逐渐下降趋势。“十二五”期间共报告新发职业病病例5036例；其中男性占89.45%，40 - 69岁年龄段占69.78%；最常见的职业病为尘肺病（72.48%）和耳鼻喉及口腔疾病（7.23%）。尘肺病大多在接触5 - 10年后发病，其他职业病通常在接触10年内发病。职业病新发病例多见于小微企业以及无锡、苏州和盐城地区。“十二五”期间，该省职业病发病率逐渐下降，表明职业病防治工作取得成效，但仍需关注高危人群（男性、40岁以上），以及预防职业性噪声聋，并加强对小微企业的监管。
