Zhang L, Hu Z F, Hu J, Zhen G X, Zhang H M, Zhou G W
Shunyi District of Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 101300, China.
Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi. 2019 Jan 20;37(1):46-49. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2019.01.010.
To investigate the incidence of occupational diseases in a District of Beijing, from 2004 to 2017 and to analyze the distribution characteristics and incidence trends of occupational diseases. The data of confirmed occupational disease cases data in the occupational disease and occupational health information monitoring system in a district of Beijing from 20042017 were collected to analyze the incidence and trends of occupational diseases. In 20042017, a total of 161cases of occupational diseases were reported in a district of Beijing, mainly pneumoconiosis (113 cases, 70.19%) . The average age of onset of pneumoconiosis was (51.65 ±11.10) years old, and the average age of dust exposure was (13.14±8.07) years, mainly including silicosis accounting for 85.84%, concentrated in small collective enterprises. Pneumoconiosis was mainly female, with 80 cases accounting for 70.80% of the disease; most of the working years were 10-20 years, the age of onset of dust pneumoconiosis and the duration of dust exposure were statistically different (<0.05) ; The distribution of pneumoconiosis industry was concentrated on the manufacture of jewellery and related articles in 91cases (80.53%) , Compared with the non-jewellery and related articles manufacturing industry, the average age of onset were statistically significant (<0.05) . Occupational diseases other than pneumoconiosis were mainly male; occupational ear, nose and throat (ENT) and oral disease male accounted for 86.96% of the disease, mainly concentrated in small enterprises, state-owned enterprises, the majority of working years wereconcentrated in 20~30 years; occupational infectious diseases accountded for 93.33% of the disease, mainly concentrated in small collective enterprises, most of the working years were less than 10 years. Occupational diseases in a district of Beijing are mainly pneumoconiosis, mainly in small collective enterprises, mostly historical issues, the number of reports of occupational ENT and oral disease and occupational infectious diseases are increasing, it is important to strengthen supervision and protect the health of workers.
为调查北京市某区2004年至2017年职业病发病情况，分析职业病的分布特征及发病趋势。收集北京市某区2004 - 2017年职业病与职业健康信息监测系统中确诊的职业病病例数据，分析职业病的发病情况及趋势。2004 - 2017年，北京市某区共报告职业病161例，主要为尘肺病（113例，占70.19%）。尘肺病发病平均年龄为（51.65±11.10）岁，接尘平均年龄为（13.14±8.07）岁，以矽肺为主，占85.84%，集中在小型集体企业。尘肺病以女性为主，80例，占该病种的7０.80%；接尘工龄多为10 - 20年，尘肺病发病年龄与接尘工龄差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；尘肺病行业分布集中在珠宝及相关制品制造业91例（占80.53%），与非珠宝及相关制品制造业比较，发病平均年龄差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。除尘肺病外的其他职业病以男性为主；职业性耳鼻喉口腔疾病男性占该病种的86.96%，主要集中在小型企业、国有企业，接尘工龄多集中在20 - 30年；职业性传染病占该病种的93.33%，主要集中在小型集体企业，接尘工龄多在10年以内。北京市某区职业病以尘肺病为主，主要在小型集体企业，多为历史遗留问题，职业性耳鼻喉口腔疾病及职业性传染病报告例数呈上升趋势，加强监管、保护劳动者健康十分重要。
