Koh Eun-Jeong, Kim Kui-Jin, Choi Jia, Kang Do-Hyung, Lee Boo-Yong
Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam, Kyonggi, 13488, Republic of Korea.
Jeju International Marine Science Center for Research & Education, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology (KIOST), Jeju, 63349, Republic of Korea.
Neurosci Lett. 2018 Apr 23;673:33-38. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.02.057. Epub 2018 Feb 27.
Spirulina maxima is a blue-green micro alga that contains abundant amounts of proteins (60-70%), vitamins, chlorophyll a, and C-phycocyanin (C-PC). It has been shown to reduce oxidative stress, and prevent diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. However, it is unclear whether Spirulina maxima 70% ethanol extract (SM70EE), chlorophyll a, and C-PC prevent Aβ-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells. The aim of this study was to investigate whether SM70EE, chlorophyll a, and C-PC prevent Aβ-induced cell death. SM70EE, chlorophyll a, and C-PC suppressed the Aβ-induced increase in poly-ADP ribose polymerase-1 (PARP-1) cleavage and reduced Aβ-induced decreases in glutathione and its associated factors. The level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which plays a critical role in neuronal survival and neuroprotection, was increased by SM70EE, chlorophyll a, and C-PC in Aβ-treated cells. SM70EE treatment decreased oxidative stress and cell death in response to Aβ treatment, while simultaneously suppressing PARP cleavage and increasing the levels of glutathione (GSH) and its associated factors. Moreover, SM70EE lowered the levels of APP and BACE1, two major factors involved in APP processing, and increased BDNF expression during Aβ-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells. We suggest that SM70EE prevents cell death caused by Aβ -induced neurotoxicity via the activation of BDNF signaling.
极大螺旋藻是一种蓝绿色微藻，含有大量蛋白质（60 - 70%）、维生素、叶绿素a和C-藻蓝蛋白（C-PC）。已证明它能减轻氧化应激，并预防糖尿病和非酒精性脂肪肝病。然而，尚不清楚极大螺旋藻70%乙醇提取物（SM70EE）、叶绿素a和C-PC是否能预防Aβ诱导的PC12细胞神经毒性。本研究的目的是调查SM70EE、叶绿素a和C-PC是否能预防Aβ诱导的细胞死亡。SM70EE、叶绿素a和C-PC抑制了Aβ诱导的聚ADP核糖聚合酶-1（PARP-1）裂解增加，并减少了Aβ诱导的谷胱甘肽及其相关因子的减少。在Aβ处理的细胞中，SM70EE、叶绿素a和C-PC增加了对神经元存活和神经保护起关键作用的脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）的水平。SM70EE处理降低了Aβ处理引起的氧化应激和细胞死亡，同时抑制了PARP裂解，并增加了谷胱甘肽（GSH）及其相关因子的水平。此外，在PC12细胞Aβ诱导的神经毒性过程中，SM70EE降低了APP加工过程中的两个主要因子APP和β-分泌酶1（BACE1）的水平，并增加了BDNF的表达。我们认为，SM70EE通过激活BDNF信号通路预防Aβ诱导的神经毒性导致的细胞死亡。
