Institute of Tendon and Bone Regeneration, Paracelsus Medical University - Spinal Cord Injury & Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria.
Institute of Tendon and Bone Regeneration, Paracelsus Medical University - Spinal Cord Injury & Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria.
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2019 Jun;146:170-189. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.02.010. Epub 2018 Mar 3.
Angiogenesis, the process of new blood vessel formation from existing blood vessels, is a key aspect of virtually every repair process. During wound healing an extensive, but immature and leaky vascular plexus forms which is subsequently reduced by regression of non-functional vessels. More recent studies indicate that uncontrolled vessel growth or impaired vessel regression as a consequence of an excessive inflammatory response can impair wound healing, resulting in scarring and dysfunction. However, in order to elucidate targetable factors to promote functional tissue regeneration we need to understand the molecular and cellular underpinnings of physiological angiogenesis, ranging from induction to resolution of blood vessels. Especially for avascular tissues (e.g. cornea, tendon, ligament, cartilage, etc.), limiting rather than boosting vessel growth during wound repair potentially is beneficial to restore full tissue function and may result in favourable long-term healing outcomes.
血管生成，即从现有血管中形成新血管的过程，是几乎所有修复过程的关键方面。在伤口愈合过程中，会形成广泛的、但不成熟和渗漏的血管丛，随后通过非功能性血管的退化来减少。最近的研究表明，由于过度炎症反应导致的不受控制的血管生长或血管退化受损会损害伤口愈合，导致瘢痕和功能障碍。然而，为了阐明可靶向的因素以促进功能性组织再生，我们需要了解从诱导到血管消退的生理性血管生成的分子和细胞基础。特别是对于无血管组织（例如角膜、肌腱、韧带、软骨等），在伤口修复过程中限制而不是促进血管生长可能有益于恢复组织的全部功能，并可能导致有利的长期愈合结果。
