Elliot Andrew J, Sheldon Kennon M, Church Marcy A
University of Rochester,
University of Rochester.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 1997 Sep;23(9):915-927. doi: 10.1177/0146167297239001.
The present research comprises two studies designed to investigate both antecedents and consequences of pursuing avoidance (relative to approach) personal goals over the course of a semester-long period. Results revealed that neuroticism was positively related to the adoption of avoidance personal strivings (Study 1), and participants with low perceptions of their life skills were more likely to adopt avoidance personal projects (Study 2). Avoidance regulation proved deleterious to both retrospective and longitudinal subjective well-being (SWB), as participants with a greater proportion of avoidance goals reported lower SWB over the course of the semester and evidenced a decrease in SWB from the beginning to the end of the semester. Ancillary analyses attested to the robustness of these results across a variety of alternative predictor variables. Path analyses validated perceived progress as a mediator of the direct relationships observed.
本研究包含两项旨在调查在长达一个学期的时间里追求回避（相对于进取）个人目标的前因和后果的研究。结果显示，神经质与采用回避个人奋斗目标呈正相关（研究1），且对自身生活技能感知较低的参与者更有可能采用回避个人计划（研究2）。回避调节对回顾性和纵向主观幸福感（SWB）均有害，因为在本学期中，具有较大比例回避目标的参与者报告的SWB较低，并且从学期开始到结束，其SWB呈下降趋势。辅助分析证明了这些结果在各种替代预测变量中的稳健性。路径分析验证了感知到的进展是所观察到的直接关系的中介变量。
