Elliot A J, Sheldon K M
Department of Psychology, University of Rochester, New York 14627, USA.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1997 Jul;73(1):171-85. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.73.1.171.
The present research investigated one antecedent and various consequences of pursuing avoidance personal achievement goals over the course of a semester. The authors assessed participants' achievement-relevant goals using the newly devised Achievement Goals Questionnaire. The motive to avoid failure, assessed with self-report and projective measures, was established as an antecedent of avoidance goal pursuit. Avoidance regulation was shown to have deleterious consequences for a host of achievement-relevant and general well-being outcomes at the end of the semester, including longitudinal change in subjective well-being. Perceived competence was validated as a mediator of the direct relationships observed. The results highlight the need to attend to avoidance, as well as approach, forms of self-regulation and the need to consider both motive disposition and goal constructs in accounting for competence-relevant behavior.
本研究调查了在一个学期的过程中追求回避型个人成就目标的一个前提因素和各种后果。作者使用新设计的成就目标问卷评估了参与者与成就相关的目标。通过自我报告和投射性测量评估的避免失败的动机被确定为回避目标追求的一个前提因素。研究表明，回避调节在学期末对一系列与成就相关的和总体幸福感结果产生有害影响，包括主观幸福感的纵向变化。感知能力被验证为所观察到的直接关系的中介变量。研究结果强调了关注回避型以及进取型自我调节形式的必要性，以及在解释与能力相关的行为时考虑动机倾向和目标结构的必要性。
