青岛学龄儿童近视的患病率及相关因素
Prevalence and Related Factors for Myopia in School-Aged Children in Qingdao.
作者信息
Sun Jin Tao, An Meng, Yan Xiao Bo, Li Guo Hua, Wang Da Bo
机构信息
Department of Ophthalmology, Qingdao Economic and Technological Development Area First People's Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong 266555, China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Qingdao Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Huangdao District, Qingdao, Shandong 266500, China.
出版信息
J Ophthalmol. 2018 Jan 8;2018:9781987. doi: 10.1155/2018/9781987. eCollection 2018.
PURPOSE
To investigate the prevalence and related factors for myopia in school-aged children in the Economic and Technological Development Zone of Qingdao, Eastern China.
METHODS
A total of 4890 (aged 10 to 15 years) students were initially enrolled in this study. 3753 (76.75%) students with completed refractive error and questionnaire data were analyzed. The children underwent a comprehensive eye examination. Multiple logistic regression models were applied to assess possible factors associated with myopia.
RESULTS
The prevalence of myopia increased as the children's grade increased ( = 560.584, < 0.001). Low myopia was the main form of myopia in adolescent students (30.22%). With the growth of age, students spent significantly more time on near work ( = 0.03) and less time on outdoor activity ( < 0.001). In multivariate models, only the following variables were significantly associated with myopia: age, two myopic parents, outdoor activity time, and continuous near work without 5 min rest.
CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of myopia increased as the grade increased. Age, two myopic parents, and continuous near work time without 5 min rest were risk factors for myopia. Outdoor activities had protective effect for myopia.
目的
调查中国东部青岛市经济技术开发区学龄儿童近视的患病率及相关因素。
方法
本研究最初共纳入4890名（年龄10至15岁）学生。对3753名（76.75%）完成屈光不正和问卷调查数据的学生进行分析。这些儿童接受了全面的眼部检查。应用多元逻辑回归模型评估与近视相关的可能因素。
结果
近视患病率随儿童年级升高而增加（=560.584，<0.001）。轻度近视是青少年学生近视的主要形式（30.22%）。随着年龄增长，学生花在近距离工作上的时间显著增加（=0.03），而花在户外活动上的时间减少（<0.001）。在多变量模型中，只有以下变量与近视显著相关：年龄、父母双方近视、户外活动时间以及持续近距离工作且无5分钟休息。
结论
近视患病率随年级升高而增加。年龄、父母双方近视以及持续近距离工作且无5分钟休息是近视的危险因素。户外活动对近视有保护作用。
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