Wang Hui, Zhang Shuangfei, Pratush Amit, Ye Xueying, Xie Jinli, Wei Huan, Sun Chongran, Hu Zhong
Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, China.
Front Microbiol. 2018 Feb 19;9:225. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00225. eCollection 2018.
The phylogenetic diversity of bacterial communities in response to environmental disturbances such as organic pollution has been well studied, but little is known about the way in which organic contaminants influence the acclimation of functional bacteria. In the present study, tolerance assays for bacterial communities from the sediment in the Pearl River Estuary were conducted with the isolation of functional bacteria using pyrene and different estrogens as environmental stressors. Molecular ecological networks and phylogenetic trees were constructed using both 16S rRNA gene sequences of cultured bacterial strains and 16S rRNA gene-based pyrosequencing data to illustrate the successions of bacterial communities and their acclimations to the different organic compounds. A total of 111 bacterial strains exhibiting degradation and endurance capabilities in response to the pyrene estrogen-induced stress were successfully isolated and were mainly affiliated with three orders, , , and . Molecular ecological networks and phylogenetic trees showed various adaptive abilities of bacteria to the different organic compounds. For instance, some bacterial OTUs could be found only in particular organic compound-treated groups while some other OTUs could tolerate stresses from different organic compounds. Furthermore, the results indicated that some new phylotypes were emerged under stresses of different organic pollutions and these new phylotypes could adapt to the contaminated environments and contribute significantly to the microbial community shifts. Overall, this study demonstrated a crucial role of the community succession and the acclimation of functional bacteria in the adaptive responses to various environmental disturbances.
细菌群落对诸如有机污染等环境干扰的系统发育多样性已得到充分研究，但对于有机污染物影响功能细菌适应过程的方式却知之甚少。在本研究中，以珠江口沉积物中的细菌群落为对象进行了耐受性测定，并使用芘和不同雌激素作为环境压力源来分离功能细菌。利用培养细菌菌株的16S rRNA基因序列和基于16S rRNA基因的焦磷酸测序数据构建了分子生态网络和系统发育树，以阐明细菌群落的演替及其对不同有机化合物的适应性。共成功分离出111株对芘雌激素诱导的压力表现出降解和耐受能力的细菌菌株，它们主要隶属于三个目，即 、 和 。分子生态网络和系统发育树显示了细菌对不同有机化合物的各种适应能力。例如，一些细菌操作分类单元（OTU）仅在特定有机化合物处理组中被发现，而其他一些OTU则能耐受来自不同有机化合物的压力。此外，结果表明在不同有机污染的压力下出现了一些新的系统发育型，这些新的系统发育型能够适应受污染环境，并对微生物群落的变化做出显著贡献。总体而言，本研究证明了群落演替和功能细菌的适应在对各种环境干扰的适应性反应中起着关键作用。
