Institute of Agricultural Quality Standards and Testing Technology Research, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350003, China.
College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2018 May;102(9):4143-4157. doi: 10.1007/s00253-018-8885-9. Epub 2018 Mar 8.
The intestinal tract, which harbours tremendous numbers of bacteria, plays a pivotal role in the digestion and absorption of nutrients. Here, high-throughput sequencing technology was used to determine the community composition and complexity of the intestinal microbiota in cultivated European eels during three stages of their lifecycle, after which the metabolic potentials of their intestinal microbial communities were assessed. The results demonstrated that European eel intestinal microbiota were dominated by bacteria in the phyla Proteobacteria and Fusobacteria. Statistical analyses revealed that the three cultured European eel life stages (elver, yellow eel, and silver eel) shared core microbiota dominated by Aeromonas. Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt) predictions of metagenome function revealed that the European eel intestinal microbiota might play significant roles in host nutrient metabolism. Biolog AN MicroPlate™ analysis and extracellular enzyme assays of culturable intestinal bacteria showed that the intestinal microbiota have a marked advantage in the metabolism of starch, which is the main carbohydrate component in European eel formulated feed. Understanding the ecology and functions of the intestinal microbiota during different developmental stages will help us improve the effects of fish-based bacteria on the composition and metabolic capacity of nutrients in European eels.
肠道中栖息着大量的细菌，在营养物质的消化和吸收中起着关键作用。本研究采用高通量测序技术，在欧洲鳗生命周期的三个阶段确定了养殖欧洲鳗肠道微生物群落的组成和复杂性，然后评估了其肠道微生物群落的代谢潜力。结果表明，欧洲鳗肠道微生物群主要由厚壁菌门和放线菌门的细菌组成。统计分析显示，三个养殖欧洲鳗生活阶段（鳗苗、黄鳗和白鳗）共享以气单胞菌为主的核心微生物群。基于未观测状态重建的群落系统发育分析（PICRUSt）对宏基因组功能的预测表明，欧洲鳗肠道微生物群可能在宿主营养代谢中发挥重要作用。Biolog AN 微孔板分析和可培养肠道细菌的胞外酶测定表明，肠道微生物群在淀粉代谢方面具有显著优势，淀粉是欧洲鳗配方饲料中主要的碳水化合物成分。了解不同发育阶段肠道微生物群的生态和功能将有助于我们提高鱼类细菌对欧洲鳗营养成分组成和代谢能力的影响。
