Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
Exp Dermatol. 2018 Mar;27(3):280-284. doi: 10.1111/exd.13493.
Polyols (e.g. glycerol, xylitol) are implicated as moisturizers of the skin and other epithelial tissues. However, we lack information about their exact cellular mechanisms and their effects on the gene expression profiles. Therefore, in this study, we aimed at investigating the effects of glycerol and xylitol on human epidermal keratinocytes. The polyols (identical osmolarities; xylitol: 0.0045%-0.45%; glycerol: 0.0027%-0.27%) did not alter cellular viability or intracellular calcium concentration. However, they exerted differential effects on the expression of certain genes and signalling pathways. Indeed, both polyols up-regulated the expression of filaggrin, loricrin, involucrin and occludin; yet, xylitol exerted somewhat more profound effects. Moreover, while both polyols stimulated the MAPK pathway, only xylitol induced the activation-dependent translocation of protein kinase Cδ, a key promoter of epidermal differentiation. Finally, in various keratinocyte inflammation models, both polyols (albeit with different efficacies) exerted anti-inflammatory effects. Taken together, these data strongly suggest that glycerol and xylitol differentially modulate expressions of multiple genes and activities of signalling pathways in epidermal keratinocytes. Thus, our findings invite clinical trials to explore the applicability and the impact of a combined glycerol-xylitol therapy in the management of various skin conditions.
多元醇（如甘油、木糖醇）被认为是皮肤和其他上皮组织的保湿剂。然而，我们缺乏关于它们的确切细胞机制及其对基因表达谱影响的信息。因此，在这项研究中，我们旨在研究甘油和木糖醇对人表皮角质形成细胞的影响。多元醇（等渗透压；木糖醇：0.0045%-0.45%；甘油：0.0027%-0.27%）不会改变细胞活力或细胞内钙浓度。然而，它们对某些基因和信号通路的表达产生了不同的影响。事实上，两种多元醇都上调了丝聚蛋白、兜甲蛋白、内披蛋白和闭合蛋白的表达；然而，木糖醇的作用更为明显。此外，虽然两种多元醇都刺激了 MAPK 通路，但只有木糖醇诱导了蛋白激酶 Cδ的激活依赖性易位，这是表皮分化的关键启动子。最后，在各种角质形成细胞炎症模型中，两种多元醇（尽管效果不同）都发挥了抗炎作用。总之，这些数据强烈表明，甘油和木糖醇在表皮角质形成细胞中差异调节多个基因的表达和信号通路的活性。因此，我们的发现邀请临床试验来探索甘油-木糖醇联合治疗在各种皮肤状况管理中的适用性和影响。
