Edith Cowan University, School of Arts and Humanities, Perth, 6027, Australia.
Sci Rep. 2018 Mar 9;8(1):4271. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-22726-7.
We report the personal eye gaze patterns of people engaged in face-to-face getting acquainted conversation. Considerable differences between individuals are underscored by a stability of eye gaze patterns within individuals. Results suggest the existence of an eye-mouth gaze continuum. This continuum includes some people showing a strong preference for eye gaze, some with a strong preference for mouth gaze, and others distributing their gaze between the eyes and mouth to varying extents. Additionally, we found evidence of within-participant consistency not just for location preference but also for the duration of fixations upon the eye and mouth regions. We also estimate that during a 4-minute getting acquainted conversation mutual face gaze constitutes about 60% of conversation that occurs via typically brief instances of 2.2 seconds. Mutual eye contact ranged from 0-45% of conversation, via very brief instances. This was despite participants subjectively perceiving eye contact occurring for about 70% of conversation. We argue that the subjective perception of eye contact is a product of mutual face gaze instead of actual mutual eye contact. We also outline the fast activity of gaze movements upon various locations both on and off face during a typical face-to-face conversation.
我们报告了人们在面对面相识交谈中个人的眼部注视模式。个体之间存在着相当大的差异，而个体内部的眼部注视模式却很稳定。结果表明存在一个眼睛-嘴巴注视连续体。这个连续体包括一些人强烈偏好眼部注视，一些人强烈偏好嘴巴注视，还有一些人在眼睛和嘴巴之间分配注视，程度不同。此外，我们不仅发现了参与者内的位置偏好一致性，还发现了注视眼睛和嘴巴区域的注视持续时间的一致性。我们还估计，在 4 分钟的相识交谈中，通过通常短暂的 2.2 秒瞬间，相互的面部注视构成了大约 60%的对话。通过非常短暂的瞬间，相互的眼神接触范围从 0%到 45%。尽管参与者主观上认为眼神接触发生在大约 70%的对话中。我们认为，眼神接触的主观感知是相互面部注视的产物，而不是实际的相互眼神接触。我们还概述了在典型的面对面交谈中，眼睛在面部和面部之外的各个位置快速移动的活动。
