Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Curr Opin Pediatr. 2018 Jun;30(3):319-325. doi: 10.1097/MOP.0000000000000624.
Heart failure is a rare but morbid diagnosis in the pediatric patient presenting to the emergency department (ED). Familiarity of the ED physician with the presentation, work-up, and management of pediatric heart failure is essential as accurate diagnosis is reliant on a high degree of suspicion.
Studies evaluating pediatric heart failure are limited by its rarity and the heterogeneity of underlying conditions. However, recent reports have provided new data on the epidemiology, presentation, and outcomes of children with heart failure.
The recent studies reviewed here highlight the significant diagnostic and management challenges that pediatric heart failure presents given the variety and lack of specificity of its presenting signs, symptoms, and diagnostic work-up. This review provides the ED physician with a framework for understanding of pediatric heart failure to allow for efficient diagnosis and management of these patients. The primary focus of this review is heart failure in structurally normal hearts.
心力衰竭是儿科患者在急诊科就诊时罕见但严重的诊断。急诊科医生熟悉儿科心力衰竭的表现、检查和治疗非常重要，因为准确的诊断依赖于高度的怀疑。
评估儿科心力衰竭的研究受到其罕见性和潜在疾病异质性的限制。然而，最近的报告提供了有关心力衰竭儿童的流行病学、表现和结局的新数据。
本文回顾的最新研究强调了儿科心力衰竭带来的重大诊断和管理挑战，因为其表现的体征、症状和诊断检查具有多样性且缺乏特异性。本综述为急诊科医生提供了理解儿科心力衰竭的框架，以实现对这些患者的有效诊断和管理。本综述的主要重点是结构正常心脏的心力衰竭。
