Bedolla-Barajas M, Bedolla-Pulido T R, Flores-Merino M V, Jiménez-Rosales A, Domínguez-García M V
Servicio de Alergia e Inmunología Clínica, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara "Dr. Juan I. Menchaca", Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.
Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca de Lerdo, México.
Eur Ann Allergy Clin Immunol. 2019 Jan;51(1):15-20. doi: 10.23822/EurAnnACI.1764-1489.59. Epub 2018 Feb 28.
Oral allergy syndrome (OAS) is the most common food allergy manifestation amongst adults. However, population studies aimed at estimating its prevalence and associated factors are scarce in Mexi-co. To establish the prevalence of OAS in a sample of university students and to describe their clinical characteristics and its associated factors. From a sample group made up of 25,269 university students, the data corresponding to 1,200 students aged 18 to 25 was analyzed with a cross-sectional approach. A structured questionnaire was used to identify OAS, its symptoms and related foods, and the personal history of atopic diseases. The associations between variables were calculated through logistical regression analysis. The prevalence of OAS was 3.4%, with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of 2.5 to 4.6. The main oral symptoms reported were lip pruritus, edema and the sensation of pharyngeal oppression. Among the extra-oral complaints were: reddish coloration of the skin, body pruritus, abdominal pain, and abdominal bloating. The foods that were most frequently associated with OAS were fruits (68.5%), vegetables (22.0%) and seafood (19.3%). Through multivariate analyses, allergy to pollen and latex were found to be associated with OAS, OR 3.29; 95%: CI 1.53 to 7.10 and OR 5.53; 95% CI: 1.08 to 28.2, respectively. Notably, the prevalence of OAS varies according to the geographic area. Personal histories of allergy to pollen or latex were the main factors linked to OAS.
口腔过敏综合征（OAS）是成年人中最常见的食物过敏表现。然而，在墨西哥，旨在评估其患病率及相关因素的人群研究却很匮乏。本研究旨在确定大学生样本中OAS的患病率，并描述其临床特征及相关因素。在一个由25269名大学生组成的样本组中，采用横断面研究方法分析了1200名年龄在18至25岁学生的数据。使用结构化问卷来识别OAS、其症状和相关食物，以及特应性疾病的个人病史。通过逻辑回归分析计算变量之间的关联。OAS的患病率为3.4%，95%置信区间（95%CI）为2.5至4.6。报告的主要口腔症状为唇部瘙痒、水肿和咽部压迫感。口腔外的症状包括：皮肤发红、全身瘙痒、腹痛和腹胀。与OAS最常相关的食物是水果（68.5%）、蔬菜（22.0%）和海鲜（19.3%）。通过多变量分析，发现对花粉和乳胶过敏与OAS相关，比值比分别为3.29；95%CI：1.53至7.10和5.53；95%CI：1.08至28.2。值得注意的是，OAS的患病率因地理区域而异。对花粉或乳胶过敏的个人病史是与OAS相关的主要因素。
