Lipid Profile in Relation to Glycemic Control in Type 1 Diabetes Children and Adolescents in Bangladesh.

INTRODUCTION

Dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia are metabolic abnormalities commonly found in young patients with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and both increase the risk of cardiovascular disease.

METHODS

This cross-sectional study was aimed to evaluate the pattern of dyslipidemia and its relationship with other risk factors in children and adolescents with T1DM. A total of 576 T1DM patients aged 10-18 years who attended Changing Diabetes in Children, a pediatric diabetes clinic in Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation for Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders over 1 year period from July 2015 to June 2016 were included in this study.

RESULTS

The overall frequency of dyslipidemia was 65%. The high triglyceride, high cholesterol, high low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and low high-density lipoprotein were found in 50%, 66%, 75%, and 48%, respectively. Compared to patients without dyslipidemia, patients with dyslipidemia had significantly lower mean body mass index (kg/m) (18.4 [interquartile range; 16.2-21.4] vs. 19.5 [17.3-21.5] ( = 0.005)); significantly higher median fasting blood sugar (12.7 [9.9-15.2] vs. 10.6 [7.9-12.6] ( < 0.0001)) and higher median glycosylated hemoglobin (9.8 [8.4-11.8] vs. 7.9 [9.3-10.5] ( < 0.0001)). Hypertension was significantly higher in dyslipidemic patients (9.4% vs. 2.5% < 0.002).

CONCLUSION

More than half (65%) of our children and adolescents with T1DM had dyslipidemia, among them high LDL was the most common. These findings emphasize the screening of lipid profile in T1DM children and adolescents.