Fagundes Melo Rafael, Laurindo Lucas Fornari, Sloan Katia Portero, Sloan Lance Alan, Cressoni Araújo Adriano, Bitelli Piero, Laís Menegucci Zutin Tereza, Haber Mellen Rodrigo, Junqueira Mellen Luciano, Landgraf Guiguer Elen, Cera Albarossi João Paulo, Rocha Gabaldi Márcia, Cincotto Dos S Bueno Patricia, Francisco Dos Santos Haber Jesselina, Barbalho Sandra Maria, Federighi Baisi Chagas Eduardo
Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil.
Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina de Marília (FAMEMA), Marília 17519-030, SP, Brazil.
Diseases. 2024 Feb 24;12(3):45. doi: 10.3390/diseases12030045.
The treatment of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) has always been a challenge for health professionals in relation to glycemic control. Increased body fat has been related to a worsening of the lipid profile and increased prevalence of dyslipidemia in this population, leading to negative repercussions on the control of cardiovascular risk. We aimed to investigate the distribution of lipid levels and the presence of dyslipidemia in children and adolescents with T1DM. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted with 81 individuals of both sexes (4-19 years) diagnosed with T1DM. Anthropometric and biochemical data were collected, in addition to data on physical activity level, sexual maturation stage, and insulin administration regimen. Lipid levels were categorized as normal, borderline, and elevated, and the presence of dyslipidemia was diagnosed by the presence of one or more altered lipid parameter. We noted a prevalence of dyslipidemia in 65.4% of the participants when considering borderline lipid values. Of those, 23.5% had one altered lipid level, and 42.0% had two or more. The main altered lipid levels were total cholesterol and triglycerides, followed by non-HDL-c. The main factor associated with the worsening of lipid levels was the increase in HbA1c. Sex had a significant effect on the levels of TC, HDL-c, and ApoA-I. The results of this study reinforce the need to monitor lipid profile in children and adolescents with T1DM, as well as the importance of early intervention in treating dyslipidemia, especially in patients with poor glycemic control.
1型糖尿病（T1DM）的治疗在血糖控制方面一直是医疗专业人员面临的一项挑战。体脂增加与该人群脂质谱恶化及血脂异常患病率增加有关，进而对心血管风险控制产生负面影响。我们旨在调查T1DM儿童和青少年的血脂水平分布及血脂异常情况。对81名年龄在4至19岁、诊断为T1DM的男女个体进行了一项横断面观察性研究。除了收集身体活动水平、性成熟阶段和胰岛素给药方案的数据外，还收集了人体测量和生化数据。血脂水平分为正常、临界和升高，血脂异常通过一种或多种血脂参数改变来诊断。当考虑临界血脂值时，我们注意到65.4%的参与者存在血脂异常。其中，23.5%的人有一项血脂水平改变，42.0%的人有两项或更多项改变。主要改变的血脂水平是总胆固醇和甘油三酯，其次是非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇。与血脂水平恶化相关的主要因素是糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）升高。性别对总胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-c）和载脂蛋白A-I（ApoA-I）水平有显著影响。本研究结果强化了对T1DM儿童和青少年监测血脂谱的必要性，以及早期干预治疗血脂异常的重要性，尤其是对血糖控制不佳的患者。
