2014年中国的癌症发病率和死亡率

Cancer incidence and mortality in China, 2014.

作者信息

Chen Wanqing, Sun Kexin, Zheng Rongshou, Zeng Hongmei, Zhang Siwei, Xia Changfa, Yang Zhixun, Li He, Zou Xiaonong, He Jie

机构信息

National Office for Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China.

出版信息

Chin J Cancer Res. 2018 Feb;30(1):1-12. doi: 10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2018.01.01.

DOI:10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2018.01.01

PMID:29545714

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5842223/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

National Central Cancer Registry of China (NCCRC) updated nationwide cancer statistics using population-based cancer registry data in 2014 collected from all available cancer registries.

METHODS

In 2017, 449 cancer registries submitted cancer registry data in 2014, among which 339 registries' data met the criteria of quality control and were included in analysis. These cancer registries covered 288,243,347 population, accounting for about 21.07% of the national population in 2014. Numbers of nationwide new cancer cases and deaths were estimated using calculated incidence and mortality rates and corresponding national population stratified by area, sex, age group and cancer type. The world Segi's population was applied for age-standardized rates.

RESULTS

A total of 3,804,000 new cancer cases were diagnosed, the crude incidence rate was 278.07/100,000 (301.67/100,000 in males, 253.29/100,000 in females) and the age-standardized incidence rate by world standard population (ASIRW) was 186.53/100,000. Calculated age-standardized incidence rate was higher in urban areas than in rural areas (191.6/100,000 . 179.2/100,000). South China had the highest cancer incidence rate while Southwest China had the lowest incidence rate. Cancer incidence rate was higher in female for population between 20 to 54 years but was higher in male for population younger than 20 years or over 54 years. A total of 2,296,000 cancer deaths were reported, the crude mortality rate was 167.89/100,000 (207.24/100,000 in males, 126.54/100,000 in females) and the age-standardized mortality rate by world standard population (ASMRW) was 106.09/100,000. Calculated age-standardized mortality rate was higher in rural areas than in urban areas (110.3/100,000 . 102.5/100,000). East China had the highest cancer mortality rate while North China had the lowest mortality rate. The mortality rate in male was higher than that in female. Common cancer types and major causes of cancer death differed between age group and sex.

CONCLUSIONS

Heavy cancer burden and its disparities between area, sex and age group pose a major challenge to public health in China. Nationwide cancer registry plays a crucial role in cancer prevention and control.

摘要

背景

中国国家癌症中心（NCCRC）利用2014年从所有可用癌症登记处收集的基于人群的癌症登记数据更新了全国癌症统计数据。

方法

2017年，449个癌症登记处提交了2014年的癌症登记数据，其中339个登记处的数据符合质量控制标准并纳入分析。这些癌症登记处覆盖了288,243,347人口，约占2014年全国人口的21.07%。使用计算出的发病率和死亡率以及按地区、性别、年龄组和癌症类型分层后的相应全国人口来估计全国新增癌症病例数和死亡数。采用世界Segi人口计算年龄标准化率。

结果

共诊断出3,804,000例新发癌症病例，粗发病率为278.07/100,000（男性为301.67/100,000，女性为253.29/100,000），按世界标准人口计算的年龄标准化发病率（ASIRW）为186.53/100,000。计算得出的年龄标准化发病率城市地区高于农村地区（191.6/100,000对179.2/100,000）。中国南方癌症发病率最高，而中国西南地区发病率最低。20至54岁人群中女性癌症发病率较高，但20岁以下或54岁以上人群中男性癌症发病率较高。共报告2,296,000例癌症死亡，粗死亡率为167.89/100,000（男性为207.24/100,000，女性为126.54/100,000），按世界标准人口计算的年龄标准化死亡率（ASMRW）为106.09/100,000。计算得出的年龄标准化死亡率农村地区高于城市地区（110.3/100,000对102.5/100,000）。中国东部癌症死亡率最高，而华北地区死亡率最低。男性死亡率高于女性。不同年龄组和性别之间常见癌症类型和癌症死亡主要原因有所不同。