中国不同气候区生鲜乳及乳制品饲料样品中黄曲霉毒素的空间分布及膳食风险评估

Spatial Distribution and Dietary Risk Assessment of Aflatoxins in Raw Milk and Dairy Feedstuff Samples from Different Climate Zones in China.

作者信息

Yang Xueli, Liu Bolin, Zhang Lei, Wang Xiaodan, Xie Jian, Liang Jiang

机构信息

China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100022, China.

Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 380, Jianquan 1st Street, Tianshan District, Urumqi 830001, China.

出版信息

Toxins (Basel). 2025 Jan 16;17(1):41. doi: 10.3390/toxins17010041.

DOI:10.3390/toxins17010041

PMID:39852994

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11769556/

Abstract

This study aimed to explore the contamination of aflatoxins by investigating the spatial distribution of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in cow feedstuff and aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in raw milk, and the potential health risks of AFM1 in milk and dairy products. Feedstuff and raw milk were collected from 160 pastures in three climate zones of China from October to November 2020. The results indicated the level of AFB1 and AFM1 ranged from 51.1 to 74.1 ng/kg and 3.0 to 7.0 ng/kg, respectively. Spatial analysis indicated the contamination was mostly concentrated in the temperate monsoon climate zone. On average, the estimated dietary exposure to AFM1 from milk and dairy products for Chinese consumers ranged from 0.0138 to 0.0281 ng/kg bw/day, with the MOE values below 10,000, and liver cancer risk of 0.00004-0.00009 cases/100,000 persons/year. For different groups, the average exposure to AFM1 was highest in the temperate monsoon climate zone and for toddlers.

摘要

本研究旨在通过调查奶牛饲料中黄曲霉毒素B1（AFB1）和原料乳中黄曲霉毒素M1（AFM1）的空间分布，探讨黄曲霉毒素的污染情况，以及牛奶和乳制品中AFM1的潜在健康风险。2020年10月至11月，从中国三个气候区的160个牧场采集了饲料和原料乳。结果表明，AFB1和AFM1的含量分别为51.1至74.1纳克/千克和3.0至7.0纳克/千克。空间分析表明，污染主要集中在温带季风气候区。平均而言，中国消费者通过牛奶和乳制品摄入AFM1的膳食暴露量估计为0.0138至0.0281纳克/千克体重/天，MOE值低于10000，肝癌风险为0.00004-0.00009例/10万人/年。对于不同群体，温带季风气候区和幼儿的AFM1平均暴露量最高。