Gayman Amy M, Fraser-Thomas Jessica, Spinney Jamie E L, Stone Rachael C, Baker Joseph
School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, 4700 Keele St. Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada.
Department of Geography, South Dakota State University, Wecota Annex414, Brookings, SD, 57007, USA.
AIMS Public Health. 2017 May 4;4(2):171-188. doi: 10.3934/publichealth.2017.2.171. eCollection 2017.
Given the dramatic demographic change underway in most industrialized nations, the health of older adults is a major concern, particularly given the prevalence of sedentary behaviours and physical inactivity among ageing populations. Researchers have suggested sport participation in later life promotes other health-related behaviours, however, these relationships are poorly understood. It is possible for individuals to be classified as sufficiently active and still spend most of their day involved in sedentary pursuits. Moreover, there is little information on older sport participants' use of time compared to leisurely active or inactive peers and whether type of physical activity involvement is associated with differences in older adults' behaviour patterns. With this in mind, data from 1,723 respondents (65 years and older) who completed the sport module of the 2010 Canadian General Social Survey-Time Use were used to investigate the influence of physical activity involvement (competitive sport vs. non-competitive sport vs. physically active leisure vs. inactivity) on time spent in leisure-time physical activity and sedentary behaviours. Results indicated that competitive sport participants spent less time engaging in sedentary behaviours compared to the physically active leisure or inactive respondents; however, sport participants (both competitive and non-competitive) also spent less time engaging in leisure-time physical activities than the physically active leisure group. Implications of these findings to assumptions related to the activity levels of older sport participants, suggestions for future research, and considerations for sport-related interventions aimed at enhancing health in older adulthood are discussed.
鉴于大多数工业化国家正在发生的显著人口结构变化，老年人的健康成为一个主要问题，尤其是考虑到老年人群中久坐行为和缺乏身体活动的普遍情况。研究人员认为，晚年参与体育运动能促进其他与健康相关的行为，然而，这些关系却鲜为人知。个体有可能被归类为足够活跃，但仍将一天中的大部分时间用于久坐活动。此外，与休闲活跃或不活跃的同龄人相比，关于老年体育参与者的时间利用情况，以及身体活动类型是否与老年人行为模式差异相关的信息很少。考虑到这一点，我们使用了2010年加拿大综合社会调查——时间利用调查中完成体育模块的1723名受访者（65岁及以上）的数据，来研究身体活动参与情况（竞技运动、非竞技运动、积极休闲运动和不活动）对休闲时间身体活动和久坐行为时间的影响。结果表明，与积极休闲或不活动的受访者相比，竞技运动参与者从事久坐行为的时间较少；然而，体育参与者（包括竞技和非竞技）从事休闲时间身体活动的时间也比积极休闲组少。本文讨论了这些发现对与老年体育参与者活动水平相关假设的影响、对未来研究的建议，以及针对旨在促进老年人健康的体育相关干预措施的考虑因素。
