Department of Health and Physical Activity, University of Pittsburgh, 32 Oak Hill Court, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, 130 De Soto Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
BMC Public Health. 2018 Mar 16;18(1):360. doi: 10.1186/s12889-018-5266-3.
Latino preschool children have higher rates of obesity than preschool children from other racial/ethnic groups; however, few effective, culturally appropriate interventions exist targeting this group. The purpose of this study was to test the feasibility of a 10-week, promotora-mediated, home-based intervention to promote a healthy weight in Latino preschool children.
Trained promotoras (community health workers) delivered 10, 90-min weekly interactive and tailored sessions to Latino families living in Allegheny County. Participants were recruited through promotoras' own social networks and community gatherings, flyers, and word of mouth. Primary outcome measures included child body mass index (BMI) z-score and percentile. Secondary outcome measures included child objectively measured physical activity and dietary intake, and the home social and physical environment (e.g., parent health behaviors, parent self-efficacy, parental support, physical activity equipment in the home). The final analysis sample included 49 of 51 participants who completed both baseline and follow-up assessments.
Participants included mothers (33.5 ± 6.1 years old) and their preschool-aged children who were primarily 1st generation immigrants from Mexico (65%). The primary analyses of BMI percentile and z-score showed no change post-intervention. However, there was a significant decrease in child BMI percentile for overweight and obese children from baseline to follow-up (p < .05). We also saw significant pre/post increases in child daily fruit and vegetable intake, and parent moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, fruit and vegetable servings per day, and self-efficacy; and significant decreases in child saturated fat and added-sugar intake, and child and parent screen time (p's < .05).
Despite the short duration of the intervention and follow-up, this pilot study showed promising effects of a promotora-mediated intervention to promote a healthy weight in Latino preschool children.
拉丁裔学龄前儿童的肥胖率高于其他种族/族裔群体的学龄前儿童；然而，针对这一群体的有效、文化适宜的干预措施很少。本研究的目的是测试一种为期 10 周、由促进者介导、以家庭为基础的干预措施在拉丁裔学龄前儿童中促进健康体重的可行性。
经过培训的促进者（社区卫生工作者）向居住在阿勒格尼县的拉丁裔家庭提供了 10 次、每次 90 分钟的互动和量身定制的课程。参与者通过促进者自己的社交网络和社区聚会、传单和口碑招募。主要结果测量包括儿童体重指数（BMI）z 分数和百分位数。次要结果测量包括儿童客观测量的身体活动和饮食摄入，以及家庭的社会和物理环境（例如，父母的健康行为、父母的自我效能、父母的支持、家中的身体活动设备）。最终分析样本包括完成基线和随访评估的 51 名参与者中的 49 名。
参与者包括母亲（33.5±6.1 岁）及其学龄前儿童，他们主要是第一代来自墨西哥的移民（65%）。BMI 百分位数和 z 分数的主要分析显示，干预后没有变化。然而，超重和肥胖儿童的 BMI 百分位数从基线到随访有显著下降（p<0.05）。我们还发现，儿童每日水果和蔬菜摄入量、父母中等到剧烈的身体活动、每天水果和蔬菜摄入量以及自我效能显著增加；儿童饱和脂肪和添加糖摄入量以及儿童和父母的屏幕时间显著减少（p<0.05）。
尽管干预和随访时间较短，但这项试点研究显示了促进者介导的干预措施在促进拉丁裔学龄前儿童健康体重方面的有希望的效果。
