Department of Medicine, Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
Department of Medicine, Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
Vascul Pharmacol. 2019 Mar;114:122-130. doi: 10.1016/j.vph.2018.02.011. Epub 2018 Mar 13.
Non-coding RNAs, once considered "genomic junk", are now known to play central roles in the dynamic control of transcriptional and post-transcriptional gene expression. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are an expansive class of transcripts broadly described as greater than 200 nucleotides in length. While most lncRNAs are species-specific, their lack of conservation does not imbue a lack of function. LncRNAs have been found to regulate numerous diverse biological functions, including those central to macrophage differentiation and activation. Through their ability to form RNA-DNA, RNA-protein and RNA-RNA interactions, lncRNAs have been implicated in the regulation of myeloid lineage determination, and innate and adaptive immune functions, among others. In this review, we discuss recent advances, current challenges and future opportunities in understanding the roles of lncRNAs in macrophage functions in homeostasis and disease.
非编码 RNA 曾被认为是“基因组垃圾”，但现在人们已经知道，它们在转录和转录后基因表达的动态调控中发挥着核心作用。长非编码 RNA（lncRNA）是一类广泛存在的转录本，其长度通常大于 200 个核苷酸。尽管大多数 lncRNA 是物种特异性的，但它们缺乏保守性并不意味着它们没有功能。已经发现 lncRNA 可以调节许多不同的生物学功能，包括对巨噬细胞分化和激活至关重要的功能。通过形成 RNA-DNA、RNA-蛋白质和 RNA-RNA 相互作用的能力，lncRNA 被认为参与了骨髓细胞谱系决定以及先天和适应性免疫功能等的调控。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了理解 lncRNA 在巨噬细胞功能中的作用及其在稳态和疾病中的作用的最新进展、当前挑战和未来机遇。
