School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
Cells. 2021 Dec 21;11(1):5. doi: 10.3390/cells11010005.
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are defined as transcripts with more than 200 nucleotides that have little or no coding potential. In recent years, due to the development of next-generation sequencing (NGS), a large number of studies have revealed that lncRNAs function as key regulators to maintain immune balance and participate in diverse physiological and pathological processes in the human body. Notably, overwhelming evidence suggests that lncRNAs can regulate innate immune responses, the differentiation and development of immune cells, inflammatory autoimmune diseases, and many other immunological processes with distinct regulatory mechanisms. In this review, we summarized the emerging roles of lncRNAs in macrophage development and polarization. In addition, the potential value of lncRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of aberrant immune responses and inflammatory diseases are discussed.
长非编码 RNA（lncRNA）被定义为具有超过 200 个核苷酸且几乎没有或没有编码潜力的转录本。近年来，由于下一代测序（NGS）的发展，大量研究表明 lncRNA 作为关键调节剂，在维持免疫平衡和参与人体多种生理和病理过程中发挥作用。值得注意的是，大量证据表明 lncRNA 可以调节先天免疫反应、免疫细胞的分化和发育、炎症性自身免疫性疾病以及许多其他具有独特调节机制的免疫过程。在这篇综述中，我们总结了 lncRNA 在巨噬细胞发育和极化中的新作用。此外，还讨论了 lncRNA 作为诊断生物标志物和治疗异常免疫反应和炎症性疾病的新型治疗靶点的潜在价值。
