State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China.
Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Production & Formulation Engineering, PLA, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China.
Sci Rep. 2018 Mar 16;8(1):4688. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-23025-x.
Milk oligosaccharides (MOs) are complex carbohydrates with multifunctional health benefits for the neonate. Poor reproductive performance in primiparous gilts limits their productivity. Changes in the structure and abundance of porcine MO (PMOs) through lactation with parity remains unknown and may explain superior new-born growth in litters from multiparous sows relative to gilts. We report 55 PMOs structures, of which 25 are new (17 sialylated and 8 neutral). Their incidence in gilt and sow colostrum was almost identical (53 vs. 54), but not in transitional milk (48 vs. 53) nor mature milk (41 vs. 47). These PMOs including neutral-, sialyl- and fucosyl- MOs in colostrum were more abundant in the gilt than the sow, but always decreased during lactation. Structural diversity decreased, although fucosylated MO were conserved. In conclusion, high diversity and levels of MO in porcine milk is parity dependent. Given the similarity between porcine and human MO profiles, our findings may help define key roles for MOs as potential dietary additives to improve growth of neonates from first pregnancies in both human and sows.
乳寡糖（MOs）是具有多种健康功能的复杂碳水化合物，对新生儿有益。初产母猪的繁殖性能不佳限制了其生产力。通过哺乳期和胎次变化，猪 MO（PMOs）的结构和丰度尚不清楚，这可能解释了多胎母猪产仔的新生仔猪生长优于初产母猪。我们报告了 55 种 PMOs 结构，其中 25 种是新的（17 种唾液酸和 8 种中性）。它们在初产母猪和经产母猪初乳中的发生率几乎相同（53 对 54），但在过渡乳（48 对 53）和成熟乳（41 对 47）中则不同。这些 PMOs 包括初乳中的中性、唾液酸化和岩藻糖基 MOs，在初产母猪中比经产母猪更为丰富，但在哺乳期内一直减少。尽管岩藻糖基 MO 被保留，但结构多样性减少。总之，猪乳中 MO 的多样性和水平与胎次有关。鉴于猪和人 MO 谱之间的相似性，我们的发现可能有助于确定 MO 作为潜在膳食添加剂的关键作用，以改善人类和母猪首次妊娠的新生儿生长。
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