Advances and applications of block-copolymer-based nanoformulations.

Advances in polymer synthetic approaches have significantly enhanced the ability to rationally design the block copolymers with tailor-made functionality and variable molecular weight. Hence, block copolymers have been extensively applied in the formulation of nanostructure materials. Owing to their amphiphilic characteristics, block copolymers can generate different nanostructures, providing easy adjustability of their size, stability and surface chemistry. In this review, block copolymer classification, synthesis, characterization, stimuli-responsive behavior and nanostructure applications are summarized. Although block copolymers hold great potential for improving the therapeutic efficacy of drugs, a comprehensive delivery potential of these systems has not been fully exploited. Thus, an outlook on future developments on block-copolymer-based assemblies are further discussed. The new developments in block copolymers are expected to contribute significantly to the field of polymeric nanomedicine.