Hermawati Donna, Rahmadi Farid Agung, Sumekar Tanjung Ayu, Winarni Tri Indah
Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine Diponegoro University/Diponegoro National Hospital. Jl. Prof. H. Soedarto SH, Tembalang, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia.
Department of Pediatric, Faculty of Medicine Diponegoro University/Diponegoro National Hospital. Jl. Prof. H. Soedarto SH, Tembalang, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia.
Intractable Rare Dis Res. 2018 Feb;7(1):69-71. doi: 10.5582/irdr.2018.01007.
Prevalence autism spectrum disorders (ASD) has been on rise, but many studies suggests over-diagnosed. Currently, children have more access to electronic media on the daily basis than those of previous generation. Some studies suggest that increases screen time is associated with melanopsin-expressing neurons and decreasing gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurotransmitter, and thus results aberrant behavior, decreased cognitive, and language development. Early exposure of electronic media in early life (< 2 years old) gives an impact on language, but it still inconclusive. We made a study aiming at revealing the impact of early exposure of electronic screen on language development and autistic-like behavior. Results showed that children who spent viewing ≤ 3 hours per day had language delay and short attention span, while children who spent viewing ≥ 3 hours per day had language delay, short attention span, and hyperactivity. While, we found that more than a half of children (66.6%) had no parents-child interaction during the exposure, speech delayed and short attention had been reported in all cases, and hyperactivity was found in 66.6% children.
自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的患病率一直在上升，但许多研究表明存在过度诊断的情况。目前，与上一代儿童相比，现在的儿童每天接触电子媒体的机会更多。一些研究表明，屏幕使用时间的增加与表达黑视蛋白的神经元以及γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）神经递质的减少有关，从而导致异常行为、认知能力下降和语言发育迟缓。早年（<2岁）过早接触电子媒体会对语言产生影响，但结果仍无定论。我们进行了一项研究，旨在揭示早期接触电子屏幕对语言发育和自闭症样行为的影响。结果显示，每天观看电子屏幕时间≤3小时的儿童存在语言发育迟缓且注意力持续时间短的问题，而每天观看电子屏幕时间≥3小时的儿童则存在语言发育迟缓、注意力持续时间短和多动的问题。同时，我们发现超过一半的儿童（66.6%）在接触电子屏幕期间没有亲子互动，所有案例均报告有语言发育迟缓及注意力持续时间短的情况，66.6%的儿童存在多动问题。
