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工作相关因素在心理困扰和相关精神障碍发展中的作用:德国人力资源经理、职业医生、初级保健医生和心理治疗师的不同观点。

The Role of Work-Related Factors in the Development of Psychological Distress and Associated Mental Disorders: Differential Views of Human Resource Managers, Occupational Physicians, Primary Care Physicians and Psychotherapists in Germany.

机构信息

Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.

Research Centre for Occupational and Social Medicine (FFAS), 79098 Freiburg, Germany.

出版信息

Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018 Mar 20;15(3):559. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15030559.

Abstract

: This study analyses the perceived relevance of stress-dimensions in work-settings from the differential views of Human Resource Managers (HRM), Occupational Physicians (OP), Primary Care Physicians (PCP) and Psychotherapists (PT) in Germany. : Cross-sectional study design, using a self-report questionnaire. Descriptive measures and explorative bivariate methods were applied for group-comparisons. Results are presented as rankings of perceived importance and as polarity profiles of contrasting views. = 627 participants completed the questionnaires (HRM: = 172; OP: = 133; PCP: = 136; PT: = 186). The stress dimensions with the highest mean ratings across all four professions were: ( = 3.55, = 0.62) and ( = 3.54, = 0.64). Mean ratings of perceived relevance of stress dimensions differed most between HRM and the three medical professions. : The perceived importance of work-related stress-dimensions seems to be higher in the medical disciplines (OP, PCP, PT) than in the group from the management sector (HRM). However, no fundamental disagreement on the role of work-related stress-dimensions seems to hinder e.g., intensified efforts of cooperation across sectors in tackling the "stress-pandemic" and improving the (mental) health of employees.

摘要

这项研究分析了德国人力资源经理(HRM)、职业医生(OP)、初级保健医生(PCP)和心理治疗师(PT)从不同视角对工作环境中压力维度的感知相关性。采用横断面研究设计,使用自我报告问卷。描述性措施和探索性双变量方法用于组间比较。结果以感知重要性的排名和对比观点的极性分布呈现。共有 627 名参与者完成了问卷(HRM:n = 172;OP:n = 133;PCP:n = 136;PT:n = 186)。所有四个专业中平均评分最高的压力维度是:( = 3.55, = 0.62)和( = 3.54, = 0.64)。HRM 和三个医学专业之间感知到的压力维度相关性的重要性差异最大。工作相关压力维度的感知重要性在医学学科(OP、PCP、PT)中似乎高于管理部门(HRM)。然而,工作相关压力维度的作用似乎没有根本分歧,例如,不会阻碍各部门加强合作,应对“压力大流行”,改善员工的(心理健康)。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ff43/5877104/094a5d17c074/ijerph-15-00559-g001.jpg

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