Food Security and Safety Niche, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Science, Private Mail Bag X2046, North West University, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018 Mar 23;15(4):574. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15040574.
Rhizosphere microbiome which has been shown to enhance plant growth and yield are modulated or influenced by a few environmental factors such as soil type, plant cultivar, climate change and anthropogenic activities. In particular, anthropogenic activity, such as the use of nitrogen-based chemical fertilizers, is associated with environmental destruction and this calls for a more ecofriendly strategy to increase nitrogen levels in agricultural land. This feat is attainable by harnessing nitrogen-fixing endophytic and free-living rhizobacteria. , , and , have been found to have positive impacts on crops by enhancing both above and belowground biomass and could therefore play positive roles in achieving sustainable agriculture outcomes. Thus, it is necessary to study this rhizosphere microbiome with more sophisticated culture-independent techniques such as next generation sequencing (NGS) with the prospect of discovering novel bacteria with plant growth promoting traits. This review is therefore aimed at discussing factors that can modulate rhizosphere microbiome with focus on the contributions of nitrogen fixing bacteria towards sustainable agricultural development and the techniques that can be used for their study.
根际微生物组已被证明可以促进植物生长和产量，但其受到土壤类型、植物品种、气候变化和人为活动等少数环境因素的调节或影响。特别是，人为活动，如使用含氮化学肥料，与环境破坏有关，因此需要采取更环保的策略来增加农业用地的氮含量。通过利用固氮内生和自由生活的根际细菌可以实现这一目标。已经发现，一些内生菌和自由生活的根际细菌对作物有积极的影响，通过增加地上和地下生物量，因此可以在实现可持续农业成果方面发挥积极作用。因此，有必要使用下一代测序 (NGS) 等更复杂的非培养技术来研究这种根际微生物组，以期发现具有促进植物生长特性的新型细菌。因此，本文旨在讨论可以调节根际微生物组的因素，重点讨论固氮细菌对可持续农业发展的贡献，以及可用于研究它们的技术。
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