Baab D A, Oberg P A
J Clin Periodontol. 1987 Aug;14(7):418-24. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051x.1987.tb01547.x.
This paper presents the acute effects of cigarette smoking on blood flow to the gingiva in 12 young smokers. Relative gingival blood flow (GBF) was measured by a laser Doppler fiberoptic probe placed 1 mm into the buccal sulcus of tooth no. 26. The probe continuously measured the flux of blood cells (velocity X number of cells) in the gingival crest. Relative skin blood flow (SBF) to the forearm and heart rate were also monitored continously; blood pressure (BP) was assessed at 5-min intervals. After resting for 5 min, subjects sham smoked an unlighted cigarette for 5 min, then smoked the cigarette, and finally rested for 25 min afterwards. Mean changes from resting for all variables were compared to sham smoking for each 5 min block. Mean GBF rose significantly above sham smoking values during smoking, and remained elevated during the first 5 min after smoking (p less than 0.05). Mean SBF decreased slightly during and after smoking, but the changes were not significantly depressed compared to sham smoking (p greater than 0.05). During smoking, BP and heart rate increased significantly over sham smoking (p less than 0.05). GBF increased almost linearily when the probe was placed into the gingival sulcus; this phenomenon did not occur when the probe was placed externally to the gingival crest. The theory that smoking impairs gingival blood flow may not be true in humans.
本文介绍了吸烟对12名年轻吸烟者牙龈血流的急性影响。通过将激光多普勒光纤探头置于26号牙颊侧龈沟内1毫米处来测量相对牙龈血流量（GBF）。该探头持续测量牙龈嵴处血细胞的通量（速度×细胞数量）。还持续监测了前臂的相对皮肤血流量（SBF）和心率；每隔5分钟评估一次血压（BP）。在休息5分钟后，受试者假吸一支未点燃的香烟5分钟，然后吸这支香烟，最后再休息25分钟。将所有变量相对于休息时的平均变化与每个5分钟时间段的假吸烟情况进行比较。吸烟期间，平均GBF显著高于假吸烟值，并在吸烟后的前5分钟内保持升高（p<0.05）。吸烟期间及之后，平均SBF略有下降，但与假吸烟相比，变化没有显著降低（p>0.05）。吸烟期间，血压和心率比假吸烟时显著升高（p<0.05）。当探头置于龈沟内时，GBF几乎呈线性增加；当探头置于牙龈嵴外部时，这种现象并未发生。吸烟会损害牙龈血流的理论在人类中可能并不成立。
