Liu Sisi, Liu Duo, Pan Zhihui, Xu Zhengye
Department of Special Education and Counselling, The Education University of Hong Kong, 10 Lo Ping Road, Tai Po, N.T., Hong Kong.
Dyslexia. 2018 Aug;24(3):263-275. doi: 10.1002/dys.1584. Epub 2018 Mar 25.
A growing body of research suggests that visual-spatial attention is important for reading achievement. However, few studies have been conducted in non-alphabetic orthographies. This study extended the current research to reading development in Chinese, a logographic writing system known for its visual complexity. Eighty Hong Kong Chinese children were selected and divided into poor reader and typical reader groups, based on their performance on the measures of reading fluency, Chinese character reading, and reading comprehension. The poor and typical readers were matched on age and nonverbal intelligence. A Posner's spatial cueing task was adopted to measure the exogenous and endogenous orienting of visual-spatial attention. Although the typical readers showed the cueing effect in the central cue condition (i.e., responses to targets following valid cues were faster than those to targets following invalid cues), the poor readers did not respond differently in valid and invalid conditions, suggesting an impairment of the endogenous orienting of attention. The two groups, however, showed a similar cueing effect in the peripheral cue condition, indicating intact exogenous orienting in the poor readers. These findings generally supported a link between the orienting of covert attention and Chinese reading, providing evidence for the attentional-deficit theory of dyslexia.
越来越多的研究表明，视觉空间注意力对阅读成绩很重要。然而，针对非字母文字的研究却很少。本研究将当前的研究扩展到中文阅读发展领域，中文是一种以视觉复杂性著称的表意文字系统。选取了80名中国香港儿童，根据他们在阅读流畅性、汉字认读和阅读理解测试中的表现，分为阅读能力差的读者组和正常读者组。阅读能力差的读者和正常读者在年龄和非语言智力方面相匹配。采用波斯纳空间线索任务来测量视觉空间注意力的外源性和内源性定向。尽管正常读者在中央线索条件下表现出线索效应（即对有效线索后的目标的反应比对无效线索后的目标的反应更快），但阅读能力差的读者在有效和无效条件下没有表现出差异，这表明他们在内源性注意力定向上存在缺陷。然而，两组在周边线索条件下表现出相似的线索效应，这表明阅读能力差的读者的外源性定向是完整的。这些发现总体上支持了隐蔽注意力定向与中文阅读之间的联系，为阅读障碍的注意力缺陷理论提供了证据。
