Sreenilayam Gopeekrishnan, Moore Eric J, Steck Viktoria, Fasan Rudi
Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester NY 14627, United States.
ACS Catal. 2017;7(11):7629-7633. doi: 10.1021/acscatal.7b02583. Epub 2017 Oct 9.
Myoglobin has recently emerged as a promising biocatalyst for catalyzing carbene-mediated cyclopropanation, a synthetically valuable transformation not found in nature. Having naturally evolved for binding dioxygen, the carbene transferase activity of this metalloprotein is severely inhibited by it, imposing the need for strictly anaerobic conditions to conduct these reactions. In this report, we describe how substitution of the native heme cofactor with an iron-chlorin e6 complex enabled the development of a biocatalyst capable of promoting the cyclopropanation of vinylarenes with high catalytic efficiency (up to 6,970 TON), turnover rate (>2,000 turnovers/min), and stereoselectivity (up to 99% and ) in the presence of oxygen. The artificial metalloenzyme can be recombinantly expressed in bacterial cells, enabling its application also in the context of whole-cell biotransformations. This work makes available a robust and easy-to-use oxygen-tolerant biocatalyst for asymmetric cyclopropanations and demonstrates the value of porphyrin ligand substitution as a strategy for tuning and enhancing the catalytic properties of hemoproteins in the context of abiological reactions.
肌红蛋白最近成为一种有前景的生物催化剂,可用于催化卡宾介导的环丙烷化反应,这是一种自然界中不存在但具有合成价值的转化反应。由于这种金属蛋白是自然进化用于结合双原子氧的,其卡宾转移酶活性会受到双原子氧的严重抑制,因此需要严格的厌氧条件来进行这些反应。在本报告中,我们描述了用铁-二氢卟吩e6配合物取代天然血红素辅因子,如何实现了一种生物催化剂的开发,该生物催化剂能够在有氧条件下以高催化效率(高达6970个催化转化数)、周转速率(>2000次周转/分钟)和立体选择性(高达99%)促进乙烯基芳烃的环丙烷化反应。这种人工金属酶可以在细菌细胞中重组表达,使其也能应用于全细胞生物转化。这项工作为不对称环丙烷化反应提供了一种强大且易于使用的耐氧生物催化剂,并证明了卟啉配体取代作为一种在非生物反应中调节和增强血红蛋白催化性能的策略的价值。