Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine and VA CT Healthcare Center, 950 Campbell Avenue, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA.
Department of Genetic Identification, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Genome Med. 2018 Mar 26;10(1):24. doi: 10.1186/s13073-018-0532-7.
Recent studies have used genome-wide data to investigate evolutionary mechanisms related to behavioral phenotypes, identifying widespread signals of positive selection. Here, we conducted a genome-wide investigation to study whether the molecular mechanisms involved in these traits were affected by local adaptation.
We performed a polygenic risk score analysis in a sample of 2455 individuals from 23 European populations with respect to variables related to geo-climate diversity, pathogen diversity, and language phonological complexity. The analysis was adjusted for the genetic diversity of European populations to ensure that the differences detected would reflect differences in environmental exposures.
The top finding was related to the association between winter minimum temperature and schizophrenia. Additional significant geo-climate results were also observed with respect to bipolar disorder (sunny daylight), depressive symptoms (precipitation rate), major depressive disorder (precipitation rate), and subjective well-being (relative humidity). Beyond geo-climate variables, we also observed findings related to pathogen diversity and language phonological complexity: openness to experience was associated with protozoan diversity; conscientiousness and extraversion were associated with language consonants.
We report that common variation associated with psychiatric disorders and behavioral traits was affected by processes related to local adaptation in European populations.
最近的研究利用全基因组数据研究了与行为表型相关的进化机制，发现了广泛的正选择信号。在这里，我们进行了全基因组研究，以研究这些特征所涉及的分子机制是否受到局部适应的影响。
我们对来自 23 个欧洲人群的 2455 个人进行了多基因风险评分分析，这些人群与地理气候多样性、病原体多样性和语言语音复杂性有关。该分析针对欧洲人群的遗传多样性进行了调整，以确保检测到的差异反映出环境暴露的差异。
最显著的发现与冬季最低温度与精神分裂症之间的关联有关。还观察到与双相情感障碍（阳光白天）、抑郁症状（降水量）、重度抑郁症（降水量）和主观幸福感（相对湿度）相关的其他显著地理气候结果。除了地理气候变量，我们还观察到与病原体多样性和语言语音复杂性相关的发现：开放性与原生动物多样性有关；尽责性和外向性与语言辅音有关。
我们报告称，与精神障碍和行为特征相关的常见变异受到欧洲人群中与局部适应相关的过程的影响。
