Aulie Michelet A
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Nycomed International, Oslo, Norway.
Acta Radiol. 1987 May-Jun;28(3):329-33.
The effects upon the rabbit blood-brain barrier after intracarotid injection of two non-ionic contrast media, iopentol (a monomer) and iodixanol (a dimer) were compared. Iothalamate and iohexol were used as reference substances. 99Tcm-DTPA, 125I-HSA and Trypsin blue were used as tracers in order to demonstrate various degrees of damage to the barrier. Injection of iothalamate led to large extravasation of 99Tcm-DTPA, 125I-HSA and Trypan blue which means severe damage of the blood-brain barrier. Injection of iopentol and iohexol resulted in some extravasation of all three tracers used, whereas injection of iodixanol only led to extravasation of the small molecule tracer 99Tcm-DTPA demonstrating minor changes of the barrier. At computed tomography of the brain with intravascular contrast medium enhancement it is safer to use iodixanol than iothalamate. Iodixanol is expected to cause even less adverse effects to the brain after intraarterial injection than iopentol and iohexol.
比较了经颈动脉注射两种非离子型造影剂碘海醇（一种单体）和碘克沙醇（一种二聚体）后对兔血脑屏障的影响。以碘肽葡胺和碘海醇作为参比物质。使用99锝-二乙三胺五乙酸、125碘-人血清白蛋白和胰蛋白酶蓝作为示踪剂，以证明血脑屏障的不同损伤程度。注射碘肽葡胺导致99锝-二乙三胺五乙酸、125碘-人血清白蛋白和锥虫蓝大量外渗，这意味着血脑屏障受到严重损伤。注射碘海醇和碘海醇导致所用的所有三种示踪剂均有一些外渗，而注射碘克沙醇仅导致小分子示踪剂99锝-二乙三胺五乙酸外渗，表明血脑屏障有轻微变化。在使用血管内造影剂增强的脑部计算机断层扫描中，使用碘克沙醇比碘肽葡胺更安全。预计动脉内注射后，碘克沙醇对脑的不良反应比碘海醇和碘海醇更少。
