NorthShore University HealthSystem, United States.
Northwestern University, United States.
Neuropharmacology. 2018 Jun;135:368-375. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.03.030. Epub 2018 Mar 23.
Inhaled general anesthetics are used commonly in adults and children, and a growing body of literature from animals and humans suggests that exposure to anesthesia at an early age can impact brain development. While the origin of these effects is not well understood, it is known that anesthesia can disrupt oxygen regulation in the brain, which is critically important for maintaining healthy brain function. Here we investigated how anesthesia affected brain tissue oxygen regulation in neonatal rabbits by comparing brain tissue oxygen and single unit activity in the awake and anesthetized states. We tested two common general anesthetics, isoflurane and sevoflurane, delivered in both air and 80% oxygen. Our findings show that general anesthetics can greatly increase brain tissue PO in neonates, especially when combined with supplemental oxygen. Although isoflurane and sevoflurane belong to the same class of anesthetics, notable differences were observed in their effects upon neuronal activity and spontaneous respiration. Our findings point to the need to consider the potential effects of hyperoxia when supplemental oxygen is utilized, particularly in children and neonates.
吸入式全身麻醉常用于成人和儿童，越来越多的来自动物和人类的文献表明，在早期接触麻醉会影响大脑发育。尽管这些影响的起源尚不清楚，但已知麻醉会破坏大脑中的氧气调节，这对维持大脑健康功能至关重要。在这里，我们通过比较清醒和麻醉状态下的脑组织氧和单个单元活动，研究了麻醉如何影响新生兔的脑组织氧调节。我们测试了两种常用的全身麻醉剂，异氟烷和七氟烷，分别在空气和 80%氧气中使用。我们的研究结果表明，全身麻醉剂可以大大增加新生儿的脑组织 PO，尤其是在与补充氧气结合使用时。尽管异氟烷和七氟烷属于同一类麻醉剂，但它们对神经元活动和自主呼吸的影响存在显著差异。我们的研究结果表明，当使用补充氧气时，需要考虑高氧的潜在影响，特别是在儿童和新生儿中。
