Behavioral Pharmacology Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 5510 Nathan Shock Drive, Suite 3000, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
Department of Psychology, California State University, Chico, CA, USA.
Arch Sex Behav. 2019 Feb;48(2):495-505. doi: 10.1007/s10508-018-1155-1. Epub 2018 Mar 26.
Lack of condom use among youth is a major contributor to the spread of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) including HIV/AIDS, which has lifelong deleterious health consequences. College students (N = 262) completed the Sexual Probability Discounting Task in which participants reported their likelihood of condom use under various probabilities of contracting an STI. Each participant completed the task in regard to different STIs including HIV/AIDS and different partners. Results showed that the likelihood of condom-protected sex generally decreased as HIV/AIDS and other STI contraction became less probable. Moreover, condom-protected sex likelihood was related to STI type (e.g., decreased condom-protected sex in chlamydia relative to HIV/AIDS condition) and partner desirability (decreased condom-protected sex with more desirable partners). Results are the first to show that compared to other STIs, HIV/AIDS had the most influence on condom-protected sex. Results showed probability discounting contributed to lack of condom-protected sex and offers a novel framework for examining determinants of within-subject variability in condom use.
年轻人中缺乏 condom 的使用是性传播感染（STIs）包括艾滋病病毒/艾滋病传播的主要原因，这会对健康造成终身的有害影响。大学生（N=262）完成了性概率折扣任务，参与者报告了在不同 STI 感染概率下使用 condom 的可能性。每位参与者都针对不同的 STIs 包括艾滋病病毒/艾滋病和不同的伴侣完成了任务。结果表明， condom 保护性行为的可能性通常随着 HIV/AIDS 和其他 STI 感染的可能性降低而降低。此外， condom 保护性行为的可能性与 STI 类型（例如，衣原体感染时 condom 保护性行为的可能性降低相对于 HIV/AIDS 情况）和伴侣的吸引力（与更有吸引力的伴侣进行 condom 保护性行为的可能性降低）有关。结果首次表明，与其他 STIs 相比，艾滋病病毒/艾滋病对 condom 保护性行为的影响最大。结果表明，概率折扣导致了 condom 保护性行为的缺乏，并为检查 condom 使用中个体内变异性的决定因素提供了一个新的框架。
