Department of Social Work and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, 949 74 Nitra, Slovak Republic.
Department of Community & Occupational Medicine, University Medical Centre Groningen, University Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018 Mar 25;15(4):588. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15040588.
We compared housing and the eating habits of Roma. Contemporary findings (2013) were compared with those from the first monothematic work on Roma (1775), which depicts their housing and eating habits, especially regarding the differences between social classes. Data were obtained from a journal (1775) and from semi-structured interviews (2013) with more than 70 Roma women and men who live in segregated and excluded settlements at the edges of villages or scattered among the majority. Data were collected in two villages and one district town in the Tatra region, where the data from the 1775 measurements originated. We used classical sociological theory to interpret the obtained data. The main findings showed differences between specific social classes then and now regarding housing, as well as the eating habits related to both conditions among the Roma in the Tatra region. The houses of rich Roma families did not differ from the houses of the majority population. The huts of the poorest inhabitants of settlements did not meet any hygiene standards. Typical Roma foods such as or were the traditional foods of Slovak peasants living in poverty in the country. We concluded that the housing and eating habits of the citizens of poor settlements located in the eastern parts of Slovakia are still similar to those of two centuries ago. The existing social exclusion may be explained partly from this finding.
我们比较了罗姆人的住房和饮食习惯。将当代的发现（2013 年）与第一份关于罗姆人的专题著作（1775 年）进行了比较，该著作描绘了他们的住房和饮食习惯，特别是社会阶层之间的差异。数据来自一份期刊（1775 年）和对居住在村庄边缘或散布在多数人中间的隔离和被排斥定居点的 70 多名罗姆男女进行的半结构化访谈（2013 年）。数据收集在塔特拉地区的两个村庄和一个区镇进行，1775 年测量的数据就来自这些地方。我们使用经典社会学理论来解释所获得的数据。主要发现表明，当时和现在在住房方面存在特定社会阶层之间的差异，以及与塔特拉地区罗姆人住房和生活条件相关的饮食习惯之间的差异。富有的罗姆人家庭的房屋与多数人的房屋没有区别。定居点最贫困居民的棚屋不符合任何卫生标准。 、 等典型的罗姆食物是生活在贫困中的斯洛伐克农民的传统食物。我们得出结论，位于斯洛伐克东部地区的贫困定居点居民的住房和饮食习惯仍然与两个世纪前相似。现有的社会排斥可能部分可以从这一发现中得到解释。
