Ngozi Achi, Christopher Ohaeri, Ifeoma Ijeh, Chinedum Eleazu, Kalu Igwe, Chima Onyeabo
Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria.
Department of Chemistry/Biochemistry, Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Ebonyi State, Nigeria.
Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets. 2018;18(6):637-645. doi: 10.2174/1871530318666180328112904.
There is a paucity of information in the literature on the effect of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius on the hematological, coagulation activities, electrolyte balance and antioxidant activities of humans or animals.
To determine the ameliorative potentials of methanol fractions of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius on hematological, coagulation, electrolyte, hepatic and renal antioxidant activities of streptozotocininduced diabetic rats using standard techniques.
Thirty rats, distributed into five groups of six rats each were used for this study. Groups 1 and 2 (normal and diabetic controls) received 1 ml/kg normal saline. Groups 3 and 4 received methanol fractions of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius (at 250 and 500 mg/kg). Group 5 was administered glibenclamide (2.5 mg/kg).
The diabetic control had decreased (P<0.05) white blood cells, red blood cells, hemoglobin, packed cell volume, mean cell hemoglobin, mean cell hemoglobin concentration, lymphocytes, eosinophils, thrombin time, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, sodium, potassium, bicarbonate ions, hepatic and renal superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities; increased (P<0.05) neutrophils, fibrinogen and platelets counts, chloride ion levels compared with the normal control while their monocytes were not different (P>0.05) from that of the normal control. Basophils were not detected in all the groups that were studied. The methanol fraction at 500 mg/kg was more potent than the methanol fraction at 250 mg/kg or glibenclamide (at 2.5 mg/kg) in ameliorating the hematological parameters, serum electrolytes and oxidative stress in the hepatic and kidney tissues of the diabetic rats suggesting its potentials in the management of diabetic complications.
Finally, the biological properties demonstrated by the methanol fraction could be attributed to the presence of octadecanoic acid, n-hexadecanoic acid, eicosanoic acid, tetradecanoic acid and n-hexadecanoic acid in it as previously reported.
关于刺头茄对人类或动物血液学、凝血活性、电解质平衡及抗氧化活性影响的文献资料匮乏。
采用标准技术，确定刺头茄甲醇提取物对链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病大鼠血液学、凝血、电解质、肝脏和肾脏抗氧化活性的改善潜力。
本研究使用30只大鼠，分为5组，每组6只。第1组和第2组（正常对照组和糖尿病对照组）给予1 ml/kg生理盐水。第3组和第4组给予刺头茄甲醇提取物（250和500 mg/kg）。第5组给予格列本脲（2.5 mg/kg）。
与正常对照组相比，糖尿病对照组的白细胞、红细胞、血红蛋白、血细胞比容、平均红细胞血红蛋白含量、平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度、淋巴细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞、凝血酶时间、凝血酶原时间、活化部分凝血活酶时间、钠、钾、碳酸氢根离子、肝脏和肾脏超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性降低（P<0.05）；中性粒细胞、纤维蛋白原和血小板计数、氯离子水平升高（P<0.05），而单核细胞与正常对照组无差异（P>0.05）。所有研究组均未检测到嗜碱性粒细胞。500 mg/kg的甲醇提取物在改善糖尿病大鼠肝脏和肾脏组织的血液学参数、血清电解质和氧化应激方面比250 mg/kg的甲醇提取物或格列本脲（2.5 mg/kg）更有效，表明其在治疗糖尿病并发症方面的潜力。
最后，甲醇提取物所表现出的生物学特性可能归因于其中如先前报道的十八烷酸、正十六烷酸、二十烷酸、十四烷酸和正十六烷酸的存在。
