Alatawi Karemah A, Alshubaily Fawzia A
Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21533, Saudi Arabia.
Saudi J Biol Sci. 2021 Aug;28(8):4224-4231. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.06.060. Epub 2021 Jun 25.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic and one of the most common metabolic diseases affecting large proportion of world population. Diabetes-induced changes in lipid and renal parameters are major risk factors contributing to diabetic complications such as diabetic nephropathy and cardiovascular diseases. Due to adverse effects associated with pharmacological intervention in the T2DM treatment, there is an increased interest in the research focussing on identifying novel plant based therapeutic agents. Here we report the effects of various coconut products on diabetic, lipid and renal parameters in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat model. Diabetic rats demonstrated a significant increase in serum glucose, and glycated haemoglobin levels (HbA1c). Lipid parameters including triglycerides, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-cholesterol) and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-cholesterol) were found to be significantly increased, while high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-cholesterol) was significantly declined in diabetic rats. Diabetic rats also displayed increased serum and kidney creatinine, urea, and total protein levels and increased urine glucose, urea, albumin and creatinine levels. Contrastingly, treatment with virgin and filtered coconut oils, coconut water and coconut milk resulted in a significant reversal in the levels of above studied parameters in diabetic rats. Further, these coconut products markedly prevented diabetes induced histopathological changes in kidney tissue. Collectively, the data demonstrate the antidiabetic, hypolipidemic and renal protective properties of various coconut products and underscore the importance of regular consumption of plant based medicinal products in the treatment of T2DM and its complications.
2型糖尿病（T2DM）是一种慢性且最常见的代谢疾病之一，影响着世界上很大一部分人口。糖尿病引起的脂质和肾脏参数变化是导致糖尿病并发症（如糖尿病肾病和心血管疾病）的主要危险因素。由于T2DM治疗中药物干预存在不良反应，因此对专注于鉴定新型植物源治疗剂的研究兴趣日益增加。在此，我们报告了各种椰子产品对链脲佐菌素（STZ）诱导的糖尿病大鼠模型中糖尿病、脂质和肾脏参数的影响。糖尿病大鼠的血清葡萄糖和糖化血红蛋白水平（HbA1c）显著升高。发现糖尿病大鼠的脂质参数包括甘油三酯、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-胆固醇）和极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（VLDL-胆固醇）显著升高，而高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-胆固醇）显著下降。糖尿病大鼠的血清和肾脏肌酐、尿素和总蛋白水平也升高，尿葡萄糖、尿素、白蛋白和肌酐水平也升高。相反，用初榨椰子油、过滤椰子油、椰子水和椰奶治疗可使糖尿病大鼠上述研究参数的水平显著逆转。此外，这些椰子产品显著预防了糖尿病引起的肾脏组织病理变化。总体而言，数据证明了各种椰子产品的抗糖尿病、降血脂和肾脏保护特性，并强调了定期食用植物源药用产品在治疗T2DM及其并发症中的重要性。
