Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Key Clinical Laboratory of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
Department of Hospital Infection Management, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol. 2019 Jun;37(2):57-64. doi: 10.12932/AP-160817-0137.
The prevalence of allergen sensitization varies in different geographic areas and population subsets. This study investigated the prevalence and distribution of inhaled and food allergens among allergic patients in Henan Province, China.
The prevalence and distribution of 19 inhaled and food allergens among 15,534 patients with suspected allergic diseases were retrospectively analyzed in Henan Province, China between December 2012 and August 2016. Reactivity of their serum-specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) to allergens was tested using the AllergyScreen test, sIgE ≥ 0.35 IU/mL was considered positive.
Of the 15,534 patients tested, the sIgE of 6520 (41.97%) was tested positive for at least one of the 19 tested allergens. Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (3540, 22.79%), cockroach (1398, 9.00%), and mold mix (1301, 8.38%) were the most frequently tested positive inhaled allergens, while cashew nut (1320, 8.50%), mango (768, 4.94%) and cow's milk (748, 4.82%) were the most frequently tested positive food allergens. The overall sIgE positive rate was higher in males than that in females (p < 0.05). Moreover, the sIgE positive rates to the most of the inhaled and food allergens were statistically different between age groups (p < 0.05). The sIgE positive rates of the main inhaled allergens increased with age. However, the sIgE positive rates for the primary food allergens were higher in the younger groups and lower in the older groups.
The characteristics of allergen sensitization revealed in this study in Henan Province would facilitate the prevention, diagnosis, and management of allergic diseases in this region.
变应原致敏的流行情况在不同的地理区域和人群亚组中有所不同。本研究调查了中国河南省过敏患者吸入性和食物过敏原的流行情况和分布。
回顾性分析了 2012 年 12 月至 2016 年 8 月期间河南省 15534 例疑似过敏性疾病患者的 19 种吸入性和食物过敏原的流行情况和分布。采用 AllergyScreen 试验检测其血清特异性免疫球蛋白 E（sIgE）对过敏原的反应性，sIgE≥0.35 IU/mL 为阳性。
在检测的 15534 例患者中，有 6520 例（41.97%）的 sIgE 对至少 19 种检测过敏原中的 1 种呈阳性。粉尘螨（3540，22.79%）、蟑螂（1398，9.00%）和霉菌混合（1301，8.38%）是最常检测到阳性的吸入性过敏原，而腰果（1320，8.50%）、芒果（768，4.94%）和牛奶（748，4.82%）是最常检测到阳性的食物过敏原。男性的总 sIgE 阳性率高于女性（p<0.05）。此外，各年龄组之间大多数吸入性和食物过敏原的 sIgE 阳性率差异均有统计学意义（p<0.05）。主要吸入性过敏原的 sIgE 阳性率随年龄增长而增加。然而，主要食物过敏原的 sIgE 阳性率在年龄较小的组中较高，在年龄较大的组中较低。
本研究揭示了河南省变应原致敏的特点，有助于该地区过敏性疾病的预防、诊断和管理。
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